Social work in the joint program of the Department of Social Work and Social Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
J Relig Health. 1980 Dec;19(4):313-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00996254.
Coping with old age involves resolving the task of "integrity versus despair," which demands a nondefensive confrontation with the inevitability of death. Halakhah (Jewish ethics) also considered this task critical in later years of life, spoke of death's inevitability, and attempted to discourage denial of death. The Jewish approach seems compatible with Butler's concept of "life review" as a reconciliation with death and a reintegration of one's identity that occurs throughout later years. While the Eriksonian goal is confronting old age with a certain capacity for "wisdom," the rabbis maintained that such wisdom must culminate in the creative act of repentance.
应对老年期涉及解决“正直与绝望”的任务，这需要与死亡的必然性进行非防御性的对抗。犹太教律法（犹太教伦理）也认为这个任务在生命的后期至关重要，谈到了死亡的必然性，并试图阻止对死亡的否认。犹太教的方法似乎与巴特勒的“生命回顾”概念相兼容，即与死亡和解，以及在晚年重新整合自我认同。虽然埃里克森的目标是用一定的“智慧”来面对老年期，但拉比们认为，这种智慧必须以悔改的创造性行为达到高潮。
