Dishman Rod K, Jackson Andrew S, Bray Molly S
Department of Kinesiology, The University of Georgia, Ramsey Student Center, 330 River Road, Athens, GA, 30602-6554, USA,
Ann Behav Med. 2014 Aug;48(1):80-91. doi: 10.1007/s12160-013-9573-8.
This study aimed to test experiential and behavioral processes of change as mediators of the prediction of exercise behavior by two self-regulation traits, self-efficacy and self-motivation, while controlling for exercise enjoyment.
Structural equation modeling was applied to questionnaire responses obtained from a diverse sample of participants. Objective measures defined adherence (928 of 1,279 participants attended 80 % or more of sessions) and compliance (867 of 1,145 participants exercised 30 min or more each session at their prescribed heart rate).
Prediction of attendance by self-efficacy (inversely) and self-motivation was direct and also indirect, mediated through positive relations with the typical use of behavioral change processes. Enjoyment and self-efficacy (inversely) predicted compliance with the exercise prescription.
The results support the usefulness of self-regulatory behavioral processes of the transtheoretical model for predicting exercise adherence, but not compliance, extending the supportive evidence for self-regulation beyond self-reports of physical activity used in prior observational studies.
本研究旨在检验经验性和行为性改变过程作为两种自我调节特质（自我效能和自我激励）预测运动行为的中介变量的作用，同时控制运动乐趣这一因素。
将结构方程模型应用于从不同样本参与者处获得的问卷回复。客观测量指标定义了坚持情况（1279名参与者中有928人参加了80%或更多的课程）和依从情况（1145名参与者中有867人每次课程按照规定心率锻炼30分钟或更长时间）。
自我效能（呈负相关）和自我激励对出勤情况的预测既有直接作用，也有间接作用，通过与行为改变过程的典型使用的正向关系介导。乐趣和自我效能（呈负相关）预测了对运动处方的依从情况。
研究结果支持跨理论模型的自我调节行为过程在预测运动坚持情况而非依从情况方面的有用性，将自我调节的支持性证据扩展到了先前观察性研究中使用的身体活动自我报告之外。
