Department of Chemistry, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT.
J Chem Ecol. 1985 Dec;11(12):1747-56. doi: 10.1007/BF01012124.
Pentane extracts of matureDrosophila melanogaster males substantially increased the attractiveness of food odors to both males and females in a wind-tunnel olfactometer. Extracts of females caused no such increase. An active component of the extract was isolated and identified as (Z)-11-octadecenyl acetate (cis-vaccenyl acetate, cVA), and synthetic cVA was active in bioassay. Hydrolysis of the ester linkage or movement of the double bond to the 9 position destroyed the activity. Mature virgin males released cVA into their feeding vials, and amounts of synthetic CVA equal to that released per male caused significant bioassay responses. Females, which were known to receive cVA from males during copulation, were found to emit relatively large amounts of the ester into their feeding vials within 6 hr after mating. cVA had been demonstrated previously to be a close-range pheromone inD. melanogaster, discouraging males from courting other males or recently mated females; it now appears to have a longer-range function as well.
成熟的黑腹果蝇雄虫的戊烷提取物在风洞嗅觉仪中大大增加了食物气味对雌雄蝇的吸引力。雌虫的提取物则没有这种作用。提取物中的一种活性成分被分离出来并鉴定为（Z）-11-十八碳烯基乙酸酯（顺式-金合欢基乙酸酯，cVA），而合成的 cVA 在生物测定中具有活性。酯键的水解或双键移动到 9 位会破坏其活性。成熟的处女雄蝇将 cVA 释放到它们的喂食瓶中，而每个雄蝇释放的合成 CVA 量则会引起显著的生物测定反应。已知在交配过程中雌性会从雄性那里接收 cVA，在交配后 6 小时内，雌性会将相对大量的这种酯类物质释放到它们的喂食瓶中。cVA 先前已被证明是黑腹果蝇的近距离信息素，阻止雄性向其他雄性或最近交配过的雌性求爱；现在看来它也具有长距离功能。
