Program of Agropecuary Microbiology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
J Appl Microbiol. 2014 Apr;116(4):851-64. doi: 10.1111/jam.12413. Epub 2014 Jan 2.
Mangroves provide a distinctive ecological environment that differentiates them from other ecosystems. This study deal to evaluate the frequency of microbial groups and the metabolic activities of bacteria and fungi isolated from mangrove, restinga and Atlantic forest soils.
Soil samples were collected during the summer and winter at depths of 0-2, 2-5 and 5-10 cm. Except for fungi, the counts of the total, sporulating, Gram-negative, actinomycetes, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria decreased significantly in the following order: Atlantic forest >mangrove > restinga. The counts of micro-organisms decreased by 11 and 21% from the surface to the 2-5 and 5-10 cm layers, but denitrifying bacteria increased by 44 and 166%, respectively. A larger growth of micro-organisms was verified in the summer compared with the winter, except for actinomycetes and fungi. The average frequency of bacteria isolated from mangrove, restinga and Atlantic forest soils was 95, 77 and 78%, and 93, 90 and 95% for fungi, respectively. Bacteria were amylolytic (33%), producers of acid phosphatase (79%) and solubilizers (18%) of inorganic phosphate. The proportions of fungi were 19, 90 and 27%.
The mangrove soil studied had higher chemical characteristics than the Atlantic forest, but the high salinity may have restricted the growth of microbial populations.
Estimates of the microbial counts and activities were important to elucidate the differences of mangrove ecosystem from restinga and Atlantic forest.
红树林提供了独特的生态环境，使其有别于其他生态系统。本研究旨在评估从红树林、滨海林和大西洋森林土壤中分离的微生物类群的频率以及细菌和真菌的代谢活性。
在夏季和冬季，于 0-2、2-5 和 5-10 cm 深度采集土壤样本。除真菌外，总菌、产孢菌、革兰氏阴性菌、放线菌、硝化菌和反硝化菌的数量按以下顺序显著减少：大西洋森林>红树林>滨海林。从表层到 2-5 和 5-10 cm 层，微生物数量分别减少了 11%和 21%，但反硝化菌分别增加了 44%和 166%。与冬季相比，夏季微生物的生长更大，放线菌和真菌除外。从红树林、滨海林和大西洋森林土壤中分离的细菌平均频率分别为 95%、77%和 78%，真菌分别为 93%、90%和 95%。细菌具有淀粉水解（33%）、酸性磷酸酶产生（79%）和无机磷酸盐溶解（18%）的特性。真菌的比例为 19%、90%和 27%。
与大西洋森林相比，研究中的红树林土壤具有更高的化学特性，但高盐度可能限制了微生物种群的生长。
微生物计数和活性的估计对于阐明红树林生态系统与滨海林和大西洋森林的差异非常重要。
