Calaf Joaquín, Arqué Maria, Porta Oriol, D'Angelo Emanuela
Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2013 Jul;141 Suppl 1:1-6. doi: 10.1016/S0025-7753(13)70045-9.
Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumours that affect women of reproductive age and they represent the main indication for surgery for benign uterine pathology. In 25% of cases, they become clinically apparent, causing heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain and/or infertility. Therefore, fibroids have a notable impact on the economic costs for the health system and also on the quality of life of the women they afflict. Although MRI is the most precise technique to diagnose fibroids, ultrasound remains the most cost-effective method. Surgery has been the treatment of choice for years, and several minimally invasive procedures have recently been developed. There are a wide variety of conservative medical treatment options, which are continually expanding. Research on the biology of these tumours can lead to new therapeutic options for the management of fibroids as we better understand the role that growth factors and genetic mutations play in them.
子宫肌瘤是影响育龄女性的最常见良性肿瘤，也是良性子宫病变的主要手术指征。在25%的病例中，肌瘤会出现临床症状，导致月经过多、盆腔疼痛和/或不孕。因此，肌瘤对卫生系统的经济成本以及所患女性的生活质量都有显著影响。尽管磁共振成像（MRI）是诊断肌瘤最精确的技术，但超声仍然是最具成本效益的方法。多年来手术一直是首选治疗方法，最近还开发了几种微创手术。有各种各样的保守药物治疗选择，且在不断增加。随着我们更好地理解生长因子和基因突变在这些肿瘤中所起的作用，对其生物学特性的研究可能会带来治疗肌瘤的新选择。
