Forensic and Legal Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2014 Jan;8(1):33-5. doi: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.06.016. Epub 2013 Sep 7.
It is technically feasible to perform paternity diagnosis testing solely involving an alleged father and his descendent. However, there are serious legal and ethical problems for forensic genetics laboratories when it comes to paternity testing cases for investigating the alleged father-child relationship if the biological mother has not given consent to access her genetic information. Based on the Spanish Constitution, the new Code of Ethics of the Spanish Medical Association includes several articles on studies about genetic information and their acceptance by all the individuals involved. This problem is greater when the child is a minor, mentally incapacitated or psychologically incapable, because current Spanish law requires informed consent from legal representatives, but the law does not typify what happens when one parent gives consent (the putative father) and the other parent (the mother) does not agree. The aim of this study is to put forward legal solutions to avoid potential legal problems.
从技术上讲，仅涉及疑似父亲及其后代的亲子鉴定是可行的。然而，当涉及到调查涉嫌父子关系的亲子鉴定案例时，如果生物母亲不同意获取其遗传信息，法医遗传学实验室会遇到严重的法律和伦理问题。根据西班牙宪法，西班牙医学协会的新道德准则包含了几条关于遗传信息研究及其被所有相关人员接受的条款。当孩子是未成年人、精神上无行为能力或心理上无行为能力时，这个问题就更大了，因为现行西班牙法律要求法定代表人同意知情同意，但法律并没有对一方父母（假定父亲）同意而另一方父母（母亲）不同意的情况进行分类。本研究旨在提出法律解决方案，以避免潜在的法律问题。
