MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Centre for Liver Disease Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Gastroenterology. 2014 Feb;146(2):349-56. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.11.034. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
Interactions between cells and their extracellular matrix have been shown to be crucial in a wide range of biological processes, including the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. Ductular reactions containing both hepatic progenitor cells and extracellular matrix are seen in response to acute severe and chronic liver injury. Understanding the molecular mechanisms whereby cell-matrix interactions regulate liver regeneration may allow novel strategies to enhance this process. Both the ductular reaction in humans and hepatic progenitor cells in rodent models are closely associated with collagen and laminin, although there is still debate about cause and effect. Recent studies have shown a requirement for matrix remodeling by matrix metalloproteinases for the proliferation of hepatic progenitor cells and suggested defined roles for specific matrix components. Understanding the interactions between progenitor cells and matrix is critical for the development of novel regenerative and antifibrotic therapies.
细胞与其细胞外基质之间的相互作用已被证明在广泛的生物学过程中至关重要，包括干细胞的增殖和分化。在急性严重和慢性肝损伤时，会出现包含肝祖细胞和细胞外基质的胆小管反应。了解细胞-基质相互作用调节肝再生的分子机制可能会允许采用新策略来增强这一过程。人类的胆小管反应和啮齿动物模型中的肝祖细胞都与胶原和层粘连蛋白密切相关，尽管关于因果关系仍存在争议。最近的研究表明，肝祖细胞的增殖需要基质金属蛋白酶对基质进行重塑，并表明特定基质成分具有明确的作用。了解祖细胞与基质之间的相互作用对于开发新的再生和抗纤维化疗法至关重要。
