Breton Timothy S, Berlinsky David L
Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 38 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 38 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2014 Mar;9:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2013.11.001. Epub 2013 Nov 14.
Vertebrate oocytes undergo dramatic changes during development as they accumulate many RNA transcripts, glycoproteins, and yolk proteins, necessary to ensure proper fertilization and embryogenesis. Oogenesis in teleosts often requires several years for completion, but very little is known about the early developmental stages. Recently, two-stage gene expression comparisons were made during oocyte growth in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), but more broad-scale, comprehensive assessments have not been conducted. The objectives of the present study were to characterize the gene expression patterns throughout oocyte growth in cod and compare them to changes previously identified in coho salmon. A quantitative PCR survey was conducted using 50 genes at six ovarian stages, ranging from the onset of primary growth (oocyte differentiation) to late vitellogenesis. Most expression patterns could be grouped into three major clusters, consisting of oocyte-derived (cluster 1) and likely follicle cell (clusters 2 and 3) genes. Oocyte genes were elevated during primary growth, while many follicle cell transcripts were abundant during oocyte differentiation and vitellogenesis. Few expression changes identified in coho salmon were evident in cod, which is likely due to differences in reproductive strategies. These results demonstrate that dynamic changes in gene expression occur during oocyte growth in teleost fish.
脊椎动物的卵母细胞在发育过程中会经历巨大变化，因为它们积累了许多RNA转录本、糖蛋白和卵黄蛋白，这些对于确保正常受精和胚胎发育是必需的。硬骨鱼类的卵子发生通常需要数年时间才能完成，但人们对其早期发育阶段知之甚少。最近，在银大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus kisutch）和大西洋鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）的卵母细胞生长过程中进行了两阶段基因表达比较，但尚未进行更广泛、全面的评估。本研究的目的是描述鳕鱼整个卵母细胞生长过程中的基因表达模式，并将其与先前在银大麻哈鱼中确定的变化进行比较。使用50个基因在六个卵巢阶段进行了定量PCR调查，范围从初级生长开始（卵母细胞分化）到晚期卵黄发生。大多数表达模式可分为三个主要簇，由卵母细胞来源的基因（簇1）和可能的卵泡细胞基因（簇2和3）组成。卵母细胞基因在初级生长期间升高，而许多卵泡细胞转录本在卵母细胞分化和卵黄发生期间丰富。在银大麻哈鱼中确定的表达变化在鳕鱼中很少明显，这可能是由于生殖策略的差异。这些结果表明，硬骨鱼类卵母细胞生长过程中发生了基因表达的动态变化。
