Phallometric assessments of sexual interests: an update.

This paper reviews recent evidence on the value of phallometric (i.e., erectile) measures of sex offenders plus earlier crucial papers. Distinctions are made between types of measuring devices with the volumetric instrument appearing to be the most sensitive. Considering the meaning of responses it is concluded that arousal below 10 % of full erection is not reliably interpretable and that only deviant profiles (those displaying equal or greater arousal to deviant sex) can be confidently interpreted. The specificity and sensitivity of phallometry is satisfactory with child molesters but not with other types of sex offenders, although there remains a need to satisfactorily distinguish among subtypes of child molesters. There are enduring disagreements concerning the meaning of rapists' responses and no test has yet reliably identified deviance among exhibitionists. It is concluded that despite its long history, problems remain with phallometric assessments and clinicians should be cautious in interpreting the meaning of these responses.