Price Paul, Zaleski Rosemary, Hollnagel Heli, Ketelslegers Hans, Han Xianglu
a Toxicology & Environmental Research & Consulting , The Dow Chemical Company , 1803 Building, Midland , MI 48674 , USA.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2014;31(3):414-21. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2013.865145. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
Food contact materials can release low levels of multiple chemicals (migrants) into foods and beverages, to which individuals can be exposed through food consumption. This paper investigates the potential for non-carcinogenic effects from exposure to multiple migrants using the Cefic Mixtures Ad hoc Team (MIAT) decision tree. The purpose of the assessment is to demonstrate how the decision tree can be applied to concurrent exposures to multiple migrants using either hazard or structural data on the specific components, i.e. based on the acceptable daily intake (ADI) or the threshold of toxicological concern. The tree was used to assess risks from co-exposure to migrants reported in a study on non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) eluting from food contact-grade plastic and two studies of water bottles: one on organic compounds and the other on ionic forms of various elements. The MIAT decision tree assigns co-exposures to different risk management groups (I, II, IIIA and IIIB) based on the hazard index, and the maximum cumulative ratio (MCR). The predicted co-exposures for all examples fell into Group II (low toxicological concern) and had MCR values of 1.3 and 2.4 (indicating that one or two components drove the majority of the mixture's toxicity). MCR values from the study of inorganic ions (126 mixtures) ranged from 1.1 to 3.8 for glass and from 1.1 to 5.0 for plastic containers. The MCR values indicated that a single compound drove toxicity in 58% of the mixtures. MCR values also declined with increases in the hazard index for the screening assessments of exposure (suggesting fewer substances contributed as risk potential increased). Overall, it can be concluded that the data on co-exposure to migrants evaluated in these case studies are of low toxicological concern and the safety assessment approach described in this paper was shown to be a helpful screening tool.
食品接触材料会向食品和饮料中释放低水平的多种化学物质（迁移物），个人可通过食用食品接触这些物质。本文使用欧洲化学工业理事会混合物特别小组（MIAT）决策树，研究了接触多种迁移物产生非致癌效应的可能性。评估目的是展示如何使用特定成分的危害或结构数据（即基于每日允许摄入量（ADI）或毒理学关注阈值），将决策树应用于多种迁移物的同时暴露情况。该决策树用于评估一项关于从食品接触级塑料中洗脱的非有意添加物质（NIAS）的研究以及两项水瓶研究中报告的迁移物共同暴露风险：一项关于有机化合物，另一项关于各种元素的离子形式。MIAT决策树根据危害指数和最大累积比率（MCR）将共同暴露情况划分为不同的风险管理组（I、II、IIIA和IIIB）。所有示例的预测共同暴露情况都属于II组（毒理学关注较低），MCR值分别为1.3和2.4（表明一种或两种成分导致了混合物的大部分毒性）。无机离子研究（126种混合物）中，玻璃容器的MCR值范围为1.1至3.8，塑料容器的MCR值范围为1.1至5.0。MCR值表明，58%的混合物中单一化合物导致了毒性。在暴露筛选评估中，MCR值也随着危害指数的增加而下降（表明随着潜在风险增加，导致风险的物质减少）。总体而言，可以得出结论，这些案例研究中评估的迁移物共同暴露数据的毒理学关注较低，本文所述的安全评估方法是一种有用的筛选工具。
