Neural Development and Gastroenterology Units, Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
1] Neural Development and Gastroenterology Units, Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK. [2] Division of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 May;11(5):317-28. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.226. Epub 2013 Dec 10.
The enteric nervous system is vulnerable to a range of congenital and acquired disorders that disrupt the function of its neurons or lead to their loss. The resulting enteric neuropathies are some of the most challenging clinical conditions to manage. Neural stem cells offer the prospect of a cure given their potential ability to replenish missing or dysfunctional neurons. This article discusses diseases that might be targets for stem cell therapies and the barriers that could limit treatment application. We explore various sources of stem cells and the proof of concept for their use. The critical steps that remain to be addressed before these therapies can be used in patients are also discussed. Key milestones include the harvesting of neural stem cells from the human gut and the latest in vivo transplantation studies in animals. The tremendous progress in the field has brought experimental studies exploring the potential of stem cell therapies for the management of enteric neuropathies to the cusp of clinical application.
肠神经系统容易受到一系列先天和后天疾病的影响，这些疾病会破坏神经元的功能或导致其丧失。由此产生的肠神经病变是最难治疗的临床病症之一。鉴于其潜在的补充缺失或功能失调神经元的能力，神经干细胞为治愈提供了可能。本文讨论了可能成为干细胞治疗靶点的疾病以及可能限制治疗应用的障碍。我们探讨了各种来源的干细胞及其应用的概念验证。在这些疗法可用于患者之前，还需要解决许多关键步骤。关键的里程碑包括从人类肠道中提取神经干细胞，以及动物体内最新的移植研究。该领域的巨大进展使探索干细胞疗法在治疗肠神经病变方面的潜力的实验研究即将进入临床应用阶段。
