Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Basic Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, MDC Box 9, 12901, Bruce B Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
Transl Stroke Res. 2010 Jun;1(2):85-95. doi: 10.1007/s12975-009-0003-y. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
Each year, approximately 795,000 people suffer a new or recurrent stroke. About 610,000 of these are first attacks, and 185,000 are recurrent attacks. Currently, the only FDA approved treatment for ischemic stroke is the thrombolytic recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (Alteplase), which must be given within 4.5 h of stroke onset. Beyond this time, apoptotic and inflammatory processes greatly diminish the therapeutic benefits of current treatments. While there have been many experimental treatments for stroke that showed promising preclinical efficacy, these treatments have failed to show efficacy in clinical trials. In many of these cases, the preclinical animal studies did not model the clinical setting effectively. The injury that occurs following stroke is a dynamic process. To effectively treat stroke patients at clinically relevant timepoints, it is imperative to understand both the humeral and cell-mediated phenomena that occur throughout the body in response to ischemic injury over time. Promising experimental therapeutics designed to be given 1 to 2 days following stroke require both neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties in order to be efficacious.
每年，约有 795,000 人遭受新的或复发的中风。其中约有 610,000 人是首次发作，185,000 人是复发发作。目前，唯一获得 FDA 批准用于缺血性中风的治疗方法是溶栓重组组织纤溶酶原激活剂（阿替普酶），必须在中风发作后 4.5 小时内给予。超过这个时间，细胞凋亡和炎症过程会大大降低现有治疗方法的疗效。尽管有许多针对中风的实验治疗方法显示出有希望的临床前疗效，但这些治疗方法在临床试验中未能显示出疗效。在许多情况下，临床前动物研究没有有效地模拟临床环境。中风后发生的损伤是一个动态过程。为了在临床上相关的时间点有效地治疗中风患者，必须了解随着时间的推移，身体对缺血性损伤的反应中发生的全身和细胞介导的现象。旨在中风后 1 至 2 天内给予的有前途的实验治疗方法，为了有效，需要具有神经保护和抗炎特性。
