Program Coordinator of Global Health Policy, Center for Global Development, 1800 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20036.
Stud Fam Plann. 2013 Dec;44(4):369-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2013.00365.x.
This study reviews the scope and quality of existing literature regarding the interventions to reduce adolescent childbearing in low- and middle-income countries and compiles findings concerning their effectiveness. A total of 737 studies published between 2000 and 2011 were reviewed; 19 were identified as meeting eligibility criteria. Studies were included that: evaluated program effects on adolescents and young people, either as the primary target population or as a subset of a broader target group; evaluated an intervention intended to reduce adolescent fertility or generate improvements on a related outcome; and reported childbearing-related outcomes. Evidence indicates that a variety of interventions may be successful at reducing fertility, including school-based programs, health counseling, and cash transfers. An overview of evaluation efforts to date is provided, and potential best practices are highlighted. Conclusions are that funding for adolescent fertility initiatives should be directed toward programs for which a sound evidence base exists, such as cash transfers or other interventions that encourage school enrollment, and that programs of unknown effectiveness should be conducted in tandem with rigorous evaluation.
本研究回顾了现有文献中关于减少中低收入国家青少年生育干预措施的范围和质量，并汇编了有关其有效性的研究结果。共审查了 2000 年至 2011 年期间发表的 737 项研究；确定了 19 项符合资格标准的研究。研究包括：评估对青少年和年轻人的方案效果，无论是作为主要目标人群还是更广泛目标群体的一部分；评估旨在减少青少年生育率或改善相关结果的干预措施；并报告与生育有关的结果。有证据表明，各种干预措施可能在降低生育率方面取得成功，包括基于学校的方案、健康咨询和现金转移。提供了迄今为止评估工作的概述，并强调了潜在的最佳做法。结论是，应将青少年生育倡议的资金用于具有可靠证据基础的方案，例如现金转移或其他鼓励入学的干预措施，而对于有效性未知的方案，应与严格的评估同时进行。
