Peter-Hagene Liana C, Ullman Sarah E
University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2014 May;29(8):1418-37. doi: 10.1177/0886260513507137. Epub 2013 Dec 8.
Sexual assault survivors receive various positive and negative social reactions to assault disclosures, yet little is known about mechanisms linking these social reactions to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and problem drinking. Data from a large, diverse sample of women who had experienced adult sexual assault were analyzed with structural equation modeling to test a theoretical model of the relationships between specific negative social reactions (e.g., controlling, infantilizing) and positive reactions (e.g., tangible support), perceived control over recovery, PTSD, and drinking outcomes (N = 1,863). A model disaggregating controlling reactions from infantilizing reactions showed that infantilizing reactions in particular related to less perceived control, which in turn was related to more PTSD and problem drinking, whereas controlling reactions were not related to perceived control, PTSD, or problem drinking. Tangible support was related to increased perceived control over recovery, yet it was not protective against PTSD or problem drinking. Finally, PTSD and drinking to cope fully mediated the effect of perceived control on problem drinking. Implications for practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.
性侵犯幸存者在披露性侵事件后会收到各种积极和消极的社会反应，但对于将这些社会反应与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状及问题饮酒联系起来的机制却知之甚少。利用结构方程模型对来自大量经历过成人性侵犯的不同女性样本的数据进行分析，以检验特定消极社会反应（如控制、婴儿化）与积极反应（如实质支持）、对康复的感知控制、创伤后应激障碍及饮酒结果之间关系的理论模型（N = 1863）。一个将控制反应与婴儿化反应区分开来的模型表明，尤其是婴儿化反应与较低的感知控制有关，而这反过来又与更多的创伤后应激障碍及问题饮酒有关，而控制反应与感知控制、创伤后应激障碍或问题饮酒无关。实质支持与对康复的感知控制增加有关，但它并不能预防创伤后应激障碍或问题饮酒。最后，创伤后应激障碍及以饮酒来应对完全中介了感知控制对问题饮酒的影响。文中讨论了对实践的启示及对未来研究的建议。
