Weber D, Stuetz W, Bernhard W, Franz A, Raith M, Grune T, Breusing N
Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Feb;68(2):215-22. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.263. Epub 2013 Dec 11.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress and micronutrient deficiencies have been related to lower birth weight (BW), small for gestational age (SGA) offspring and preterm delivery.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: The relation between neonatal outcome (BW, head circumference, SGA, preterm delivery) with markers of oxidative stress and micronutrients in maternal and cord blood was to be examined. Oxidative stress markers (protein carbonyls (PrCarb), 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT), malondialdehyde (MDA)), total protein concentration and lipid-soluble micronutrients (carotenoids, retinol, tocopherols) were measured in 200 newborns (11% preterms, 13% SGA) and 151 mothers. Associations between target parameters in cord plasma and maternal serum with BW, head circumference and risk of being SGA or preterm were explored.
Maternal protein concentration, PrCarb, MDA and all lipid-soluble micronutrients were significantly higher compared with newborns, except for 3NT, which was significantly elevated in newborns. Newborn parameters correlated positively with those of mothers. Preterms had lower proteins and retinol but higher PrCarb than terms. Maternal PrCarb and retinol were inversely associated with BW and head circumference. Mothers with PrCarb, MDA and retinol in the highest quintile had a 3.3-fold (0.9; 12.1), 2.1-fold (0.7; 6.4) and 3.3-fold (1.2; 9.4) risk, respectively, for delivering an SGA newborn, whereas the lowest quintile of retinol in cord blood was associated with an increased risk for preterm delivery.
Oxidative stress (elevated PrCarb) was associated with lower BW/head circumference and SGA. Inadequate hemodilution may explain the inverse relation of maternal retinol with BW and head circumference, and the association between highest maternal retinol and risk for SGA.
背景/目的：氧化应激和微量营养素缺乏与低出生体重（BW）、小于胎龄（SGA）儿及早产有关。
对象/方法：研究新生儿结局（BW、头围、SGA、早产）与母血和脐血中氧化应激标志物及微量营养素之间的关系。检测了200名新生儿（11%为早产儿，13%为SGA儿）和151名母亲的氧化应激标志物（蛋白质羰基（PrCarb）、3-硝基酪氨酸（3NT）、丙二醛（MDA））、总蛋白浓度及脂溶性微量营养素（类胡萝卜素、视黄醇、生育酚）。探讨了脐血浆和母血清中目标参数与BW、头围及SGA或早产风险之间的关联。
与新生儿相比，母亲的蛋白浓度、PrCarb、MDA及所有脂溶性微量营养素均显著更高，但3NT除外，其在新生儿中显著升高。新生儿参数与母亲的参数呈正相关。早产儿的蛋白质和视黄醇水平较低，但PrCarb高于足月儿。母亲的PrCarb和视黄醇与BW和头围呈负相关。PrCarb、MDA和视黄醇处于最高五分位数的母亲，分娩SGA新生儿的风险分别为3.3倍（0.9；12.1）、2.1倍（0.7；6.4）和3.3倍（1.2；9.4），而脐血中视黄醇处于最低五分位数与早产风险增加有关。
氧化应激（PrCarb升高）与较低的BW/头围及SGA有关。血液稀释不足可能解释了母亲视黄醇与BW和头围的负相关关系，以及母亲视黄醇水平最高与SGA风险之间的关联。
