“作为公共议题赢得的战役将持续获胜”：利用漫画来反对国家医疗改革，20 世纪 40 年代及以后。

"A campaign won as a public issue will stay won": using cartoons and comics to fight national health care reform, 1940s and beyond.

机构信息

Heidi Katherine Knoblauch is with the History of Science and Medicine Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT.

出版信息

Am J Public Health. 2014 Feb;104(2):227-36. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301585. Epub 2013 Dec 12.

DOI:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301585

PMID:24328659

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3935669/

Abstract

On March 23, 2010, President Barack Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) into law. As it went through Congress, the legislation faced forceful resistance. Individuals and organizations opposing the ACA circulated propaganda that varied from photographs of fresh graves or coffins with the caption "Result of ObamaCare" to portrayals of President Obama as the Joker from the Batman movies, captioned with the single word "socialism." The arguments embedded in these images have striking parallels to cartoons circulated by physicians to their patients in earlier fights against national health care. Examining cartoons used in the formative health care reform debates of the 1940s provides a means for tracing the lineage of emotional arguments employed against health care reform.

摘要

2010 年 3 月 23 日，巴拉克·奥巴马总统签署了《患者保护与平价医疗法案》（ACA）成为法律。在它通过国会的过程中，这项立法遭到了强烈的抵制。反对 ACA 的个人和组织传播的宣传内容从带有“奥巴马医改的结果”标题的新鲜坟墓或棺材的照片到将奥巴马总统描绘成蝙蝠侠电影中的小丑，只有一个单词“社会主义”。这些图像中嵌入的论点与医生在早期反对国家医疗保健的斗争中向患者传播的卡通有惊人的相似之处。审视 20 世纪 40 年代医疗改革辩论中使用的卡通，可以追溯反对医疗改革所使用的情绪化论点的由来。