Beville Jill M, Meyer M Renée Umstattd, Usdan Stuart L, Turner Lori W, Jackson John C, Lian Brad E
a Department of Campus Recreation , University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina.
J Am Coll Health. 2014;62(3):173-84. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2013.872648.
National data consistently report that males participate in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) at higher rates than females. This study expanded previous research to examine gender differences in LTPA of college students using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) by including 2 additional constructs, descriptive norm and self-efficacy, from the integrated behavioral model.
Participants were college students (N = 621) from a large public university in the southeastern United States.
A self-report, classroom-based assessment with validated and reliable measures of LTPA, TPB constructs, descriptive norm, self-efficacy, and demographics was conducted in fall 2009.
Regression analyses revealed attitude (β = .119), intention (β = .438), self-efficacy (β = .166), body mass index (BMI) (β = -.084), and sports participation (β = .081) as significantly associated with LTPA for females (R (2) = .425, p < .001), whereas intention (β = .371) was significant for males (R (2) = .202, p < .001).
Practitioners should consider tailoring promotional materials to address these gender differences in efforts to increase LTPA participation among college students.
国家数据一直显示，男性参与休闲体育活动（LTPA）的比例高于女性。本研究扩展了先前的研究，通过纳入整合行为模型中的另外两个构念，即描述性规范和自我效能感，运用计划行为理论（TPB）来检验大学生在LTPA方面的性别差异。
参与者是来自美国东南部一所大型公立大学的大学生（N = 621）。
2009年秋季进行了一项基于课堂的自我报告评估，采用了经过验证且可靠的LTPA、TPB构念、描述性规范、自我效能感和人口统计学测量方法。
回归分析显示，态度（β = 0.119）、意向（β = 0.438）、自我效能感（β = 0.166）、体重指数（BMI）（β = -0.084）和体育参与（β = 0.081）与女性的LTPA显著相关（R（2）= 0.425，p < 0.001），而意向（β = 0.371）对男性具有显著性（R（2）= 0.202，p < 0.001）。
从业者在努力提高大学生对LTPA的参与度时，应考虑针对这些性别差异量身定制宣传材料。
