Printza Nikoleta, Sapountzi Evdoxia, Dotis John, Papachristou Fotios
1st Pediatric Department, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Pediatr Int. 2013 Dec;55(6):788-90. doi: 10.1111/ped.12127.
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by the clinical and laboratory manifestations of acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. In children, the majority of cases occur after an infectious diarrhea mainly associated with the serotype Escherichia coli O157:H7. We present a case of a 5-year-old boy with post-diarrhea HUS due to cryptosporidium. The child remained on peritoneal dialysis for 24 days. However, he had a full recovery of his renal function and 6 months later, his overall condition was still very good. This is a particularly interesting case, not only due to the exceptionally rare cause of HUS, that is, the cryptosporidium, but also because of the serious gastroenteritis caused by the cryptosporidium in an immunocompetent child. It seems that in cases of post-diarrhea HUS, apart from E. coli O157:H7, even the rarest causes of gastroenteritis should be investigated.
溶血尿毒综合征（HUS）的临床和实验室表现为急性肾衰竭、血小板减少和微血管病性溶血性贫血。在儿童中，大多数病例发生在感染性腹泻之后，主要与血清型大肠杆菌O157:H7有关。我们报告一例5岁男孩因隐孢子虫感染导致腹泻后溶血尿毒综合征的病例。该患儿接受了24天的腹膜透析。然而，他的肾功能完全恢复，6个月后，他的整体状况仍然很好。这是一个特别有趣的病例，不仅因为溶血尿毒综合征的病因极为罕见，即隐孢子虫，还因为在免疫功能正常的儿童中隐孢子虫引起了严重的肠胃炎。看来，在腹泻后溶血尿毒综合征的病例中，除了大肠杆菌O157:H7之外，即使是最罕见的肠胃炎病因也应进行调查。
