Sara S A, Teh B M, Friedland P
Department of Otolaryngology, Head, Neck and Skull Base Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Ear Sciences Centre, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
J Laryngol Otol. 2014 Jan;128 Suppl 1:S8-15. doi: 10.1017/S002221511300306X. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
Unilateral and bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss represent different disease entities. The unilateral condition is more common and predominantly idiopathic, and up to 65 per cent of patients spontaneously recover hearing. Conversely, the bilateral condition is rare, mostly associated with serious systemic conditions, and has a higher prevalence of morbidity and mortality.
A literature search using the PubMed database was conducted using the MeSH terms 'sudden', 'bilateral' and 'sensorineural hearing loss'.
One hundred and three reported cases of bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss were identified. The condition is most often associated with toxic, autoimmune, neoplastic and vascular conditions. A younger age of onset, with a bimodal age distribution, was seen for bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss, compared with the unilateral condition. Patients with the bilateral condition had more profound hearing loss, with poorer recovery and a 35 per cent mortality rate. Vestibular symptoms were also less common than in the unilateral condition.
The presentation of bilateral sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss is a medical emergency requiring thorough and urgent investigation to exclude life-threatening and reversible conditions.
单侧和双侧突发性感音神经性听力损失代表不同的疾病实体。单侧情况更为常见，主要为特发性，高达65%的患者听力可自发恢复。相反，双侧情况罕见，大多与严重的全身性疾病相关，发病率和死亡率更高。
使用PubMed数据库，以医学主题词“突发性”“双侧性”和“感音神经性听力损失”进行文献检索。
共识别出103例双侧突发性感音神经性听力损失的报告病例。该病症最常与中毒、自身免疫、肿瘤和血管性疾病相关。与单侧情况相比，双侧突发性感音神经性听力损失发病年龄较轻，呈双峰年龄分布。双侧患者听力损失更严重，恢复较差，死亡率为35%。前庭症状也比单侧情况少见。
双侧突发性感音神经性听力损失的表现是一种医疗急症，需要进行全面、紧急的检查，以排除危及生命和可逆的病症。
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