Wróbel Maciej J, Greczka Grażyna, Szyfter Witold
Department of Otolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
Department of Otolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 Feb;78(2):209-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.10.052. Epub 2013 Nov 14.
The high frequency of risk factors detected within the newborn population increases the total number of children that should receive regular follow-ups. However, in some circumstances, this could be beyond the capacity of the health system. Therefore, careful interpretation and selection of risk factors, and in particular of those factors not strictly defined, should be carried out during screening. The aim of the study was to analyse the risk factor profile of children covered by the national universal neonatal hearing screening program and to correlate it with hearing loss incidence.
The analysis of records in the program database collected from 472 neonatal and well-baby units over a period of 10 years (2002-2012), focused on children with at least one risk factor. The analysis was subdivided into distribution of risk factors as well as to risk factors and hearing loss correlation.
In the studied cohort of n=137,432 children (4% of the total number of screened children) single risk factors were most frequently detected, accounting for 71% of records. The association of two or more risk factors appeared in 659 configurations (29%), with a mean of 3.1 coexisting risk factors and a maximum of 9. Hearing loss was dependent on the number of risk factors in a child, but reached its maximum with the association of 6 factors.
The detection of postnatal hearing loss should be continued in order to increase our understanding of hearing incidence and the role of environmental factors. To optimize screening, discussions between specialists (mostly related to the issue of risk factors detected and registered in the earliest stage of screening programs) would be beneficial.
在新生儿群体中检测到的风险因素频率较高，这增加了应接受定期随访的儿童总数。然而，在某些情况下，这可能超出卫生系统的能力范围。因此，在筛查过程中应仔细解读和选择风险因素，尤其是那些未严格定义的因素。本研究的目的是分析国家通用新生儿听力筛查项目所涵盖儿童的风险因素概况，并将其与听力损失发生率相关联。
对从472个新生儿和健康婴儿单位在10年期间（2002 - 2012年）收集的项目数据库记录进行分析，重点关注至少有一个风险因素的儿童。分析分为风险因素的分布以及风险因素与听力损失的相关性。
在研究队列的n = 137,432名儿童中（占筛查儿童总数的4%），最常检测到单一风险因素，占记录的71%。两个或更多风险因素的组合出现在659种情况中（29%），共存风险因素的平均数为3.1个，最多为9个。听力损失取决于儿童的风险因素数量，但在6个因素组合时达到最大值。
应继续进行产后听力损失的检测，以增进我们对听力发生率和环境因素作用的了解。为了优化筛查，专家之间的讨论（主要涉及在筛查项目最早阶段检测和记录的风险因素问题）将是有益的。
