Luczak Susan E, Prescott Carol A, Dalais Cyril, Raine Adrian, Venables Peter H, Mednick Sarnoff A
Department of Psychology, SGM 501, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1061, USA; Department of Psychiatry, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161-2002, USA.
Department of Psychology, SGM 501, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1061, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2014 Feb 1;135:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.10.028. Epub 2013 Nov 7.
The purpose of this study was to examine religious factors associated with alcohol involvement in Mauritius. The three main religions on the island, Hinduism, Catholicism, and Islam, promote different views of the appropriate use of alcohol. Based on reference group theory, we hypothesized that both the content of a religion's alcohol norms and an individual's religious commitment would relate to alcohol use behavior.
Participants were from the Joint Child Health Project, a longitudinal study that has followed a birth cohort of 1.795 individuals since 1972 when they were 3 years old. All available participants (67%; 55% male) were assessed in mid-adulthood on religious variables, lifetime drinking, and lifetime alcohol use disorders.
Across religions, individuals who viewed their religion as promoting abstinence were less likely to be drinkers. Religious commitment was associated with reduced probability of drinking only in those who viewed their religion as promoting abstinence. Among drinkers, abstention norms and religious commitment were not associated with lower likelihood of alcohol use disorders. In Catholics who viewed their religion as promoting abstinence and still were drinkers, high religious commitment was associated with increased risk for alcohol use disorders.
Predictions based on reference group theory were largely supported, with religious norms and commitment differentially related to alcohol use and problems both across religions and among individuals within religions. Findings highlight the importance of examining multiple aspects of religion to better understand the relationship of religion with alcohol behaviors.
本研究旨在探讨毛里求斯与饮酒相关的宗教因素。该岛的三大主要宗教——印度教、天主教和伊斯兰教，对酒精的合理使用持有不同观点。基于参照群体理论，我们假设宗教的酒精规范内容以及个人的宗教信仰程度均与饮酒行为有关。
参与者来自儿童健康联合项目，这是一项纵向研究，自1972年1.795名个体3岁起就对其出生队列进行跟踪。所有可用参与者（67%；男性占55%）在成年中期接受了宗教变量、终生饮酒情况及终生酒精使用障碍方面的评估。
在所有宗教中，认为自己的宗教提倡戒酒的个体饮酒的可能性较小。宗教信仰程度仅在那些认为自己的宗教提倡戒酒的个体中与饮酒概率降低有关。在饮酒者中，戒酒规范和宗教信仰程度与酒精使用障碍的较低可能性无关。在那些认为自己的宗教提倡戒酒但仍饮酒的天主教徒中，高度的宗教信仰与酒精使用障碍风险增加有关。
基于参照群体理论的预测在很大程度上得到了支持，宗教规范和信仰程度在不同宗教之间以及宗教内部个体之间与饮酒及相关问题存在不同的关联。研究结果凸显了审视宗教多个方面对于更好理解宗教与饮酒行为关系的重要性。
