Sherstyuk Vladimir V, Shevchenko Alexander I, Zakian Suren M
Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, pr. Akad. Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
Chromosoma. 2014 Jun;123(3):183-99. doi: 10.1007/s00412-013-0448-3. Epub 2013 Dec 17.
The key genetic process of DNA replication is initiated at specific sites referred to as replication origins. In eukaryotes, origins of DNA replication are not specified by a defined nucleotide sequence. Recent studies have shown that the structural context and topology of DNA sequence, chromatin features, and its transcriptional activity play an important role in origin choice. During differentiation and development, significant changes in chromatin organization and transcription occur, influencing origin activity and choice. In the last few years, a number of different genome-wide studies have broadened the understanding of replication origin regulation. In this review, we discuss the epigenetic factors and mechanisms that modulate origin choice and firing.
DNA复制的关键遗传过程始于被称为复制起点的特定位点。在真核生物中，DNA复制起点并非由特定的核苷酸序列所确定。最近的研究表明，DNA序列的结构背景和拓扑结构、染色质特征及其转录活性在起点选择中起着重要作用。在分化和发育过程中，染色质组织和转录会发生显著变化，影响起点活性和选择。在过去几年中，一些不同的全基因组研究拓宽了我们对复制起点调控的理解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了调节起点选择和起始的表观遗传因素和机制。
