Kandi Subhakar, Prasad Surapaneni Venkateswara, Sagar Reddy P Navaneeth, Reddy Vennaposa Chenna Kishore, Laxmi Rajya, Kopuu Dhanamurthy, Kondapaka Kiran Kumar, Sreenivas Rao M S, Vishnu P H
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Lung India. 2013 Oct;30(4):277-9. doi: 10.4103/0970-2113.120599.
India is one of the high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries in the world. India ranks second in harboring multi drug resistant (MDR)-TB cases. About 50,000 of MDR cases are recorded in retreatment pulmonary TB cases. This study was conducted in a tertiary care facility (Government General and Chest Hospital) in Hyderabad, India.
TOASSESS: Proportion of the TB patients having MDR-TB at the initiation of retreatment regimen; the prevalence of isoniazid (INH) resistance in this geographical area.
An analytical, observational, prospective cohort study of patients attending the out-patient department from December 2010 to March 2011.
Sputum samples from 100 patients were subjected to acid fast bacilli (AFB) culture and drug sensitivity testing. Of these, 28 (28%) were MDR-TB, 42 (42%) were non-MDR-TB and 39% being INH resistance.
In conclusion, one third of the retreatment pulmonary TB cases attending a tertiary care institute for TB will be MDR-TB at the initiation of treatment and there is a need to include ethambutol in the continuation phase of new TB case treatment in view of high INH resistance.
印度是世界上结核病负担较高的国家之一。在耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）病例数量方面，印度排名第二。约50000例耐多药病例记录在复治肺结核病例中。本研究在印度海得拉巴的一家三级医疗机构（政府综合胸科医院）开展。
评估：复治方案开始时耐多药结核病患者的比例；该地理区域异烟肼（INH）耐药情况。
对2010年12月至2011年3月在门诊部就诊的患者进行一项分析性、观察性、前瞻性队列研究。
对100例患者的痰液样本进行了抗酸杆菌（AFB）培养和药敏试验。其中，28例（28%）为耐多药结核病，42例（42%）为非耐多药结核病，39%存在异烟肼耐药。
总之，在一家三级结核病医疗机构接受治疗的复治肺结核病例中，三分之一在治疗开始时将为耐多药结核病，鉴于异烟肼耐药率较高，在新结核病病例治疗的继续阶段有必要纳入乙胺丁醇。
