Sadkowska-Todys Malgorzata, Kucharczyk Bozena
Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2013;67(3):473-6, 571-3.
To assess epidemiological situation of rabies in Poland in 2011.
The assessment was based on the results of the data analysis from questionnaires (People vaccinated against rabies post-exposure surveys in Poland and people vaccinated against rabies after exposure in other countries) submitted by the Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations and data from the annual newsletter "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2011" (Czarkowski MP et al., Warsaw, NIZP-PZH and GIS) and epizootic data provided by the General Veterinary Inspectorate.
In 2011, in Poland, 160 cases of rabies (in 2010 - 152 cases) were reported. Animal cases occurred primarily in the Malopolska province, where an increase in animal rabies cases has been observed since September 2010 and in Podkarpackie province. A single case of fox rabies was reported in Silesia, where there was no disease for many years. Rabies among terrestrial animals also occurred in the provinces ofLubelskie, Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Podlaskie. In other regions of the country there were recorded only isolated cases of bat rabies. In 2011, number of people vaccinated against rabies was 7 543 (in 2010 - 7,243), of which 300 (4%) due to exposure to the animals that were confirmed to have rabies. Among those vaccinated because of contact with the rabid animal, 68 people (over 22%) were vaccinated after contact with fox. As in previous years, people were mainly vaccinated after exposure to dogs and cats in which rabies could not be ruled out - 5 874 persons (78%).
The number of registered animals with confirmed rabies remains at the same level and the disease epizootic situation is good. This is a consequence of the implementation of the oral vaccination of wild animals introduced in the country in 1993. Epizootic situation in the country has a small influence on the number of people vaccinated against rabies who have come into contact with the animal potentially infected with the rabies. Serum is given in a few cases, including a few people at contact with rabid animals or deeply wounded by animals in which rabies cannot be excluded.
评估2011年波兰狂犬病的流行病学情况。
评估基于卫生流行病学站提交的调查问卷（波兰暴露后狂犬病疫苗接种人群调查以及其他国家暴露后狂犬病疫苗接种人群调查）的数据分析结果、年度通讯《2011年波兰的传染病与中毒》（Czarkowski MP等人，华沙，国家公共卫生研究所 - 国家卫生研究院和地理信息系统）的数据以及国家兽医检查局提供的动物流行病数据。
2011年，波兰报告了160例狂犬病病例（2010年为152例）。动物病例主要发生在小波兰省，自2010年9月以来该省动物狂犬病病例有所增加，还有喀尔巴阡省。西里西亚报告了一例狐狸狂犬病病例，该地区多年来无此病发生。卢布林省、瓦尔米亚 - 马祖里省和波德拉谢省也出现了陆地动物狂犬病病例。在该国其他地区，仅记录到个别蝙蝠狂犬病病例。2011年，接种狂犬病疫苗的人数为7543人（2010年为7243人），其中300人（4%）是因为接触了确诊患有狂犬病的动物。在因接触狂犬病动物而接种疫苗的人群中，68人（超过22%）是在接触狐狸后接种的。与往年一样，人们主要是在接触了不能排除感染狂犬病可能的狗和猫后接种疫苗——5874人（78%）。
确诊患有狂犬病的登记动物数量保持在同一水平，疾病流行情况良好。这是1993年在该国实施野生动物口服疫苗接种的结果。该国的动物流行病情况对接触可能感染狂犬病动物的狂犬病疫苗接种人数影响较小。少数情况下会注射血清，包括一些接触狂犬病动物或被不能排除感染狂犬病可能的动物深度咬伤的人。
