All authors: Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Clin Oncol. 2014 Feb 1;32(4):335-46. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.49.5523. Epub 2013 Dec 16.
Androgen-deprivation therapy is a commonly used treatment for men with prostate cancer; however, the adverse effects can be detrimental to patient health and quality of life. Exercise has been proposed as a strategy for ameliorating a range of these treatment-related adverse effects. We conducted a systematic review of the literature regarding the effects of exercise on treatment-related adverse effects in men receiving androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.
An online electronic search of the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Health Source databases was performed to identify relevant peer-reviewed articles published between January 1980 and June 2013. Eligible study designs included randomized controlled trials as well as uncontrolled trials with pre- and postintervention data. Information was extracted regarding participant and exercise intervention characteristics as well as the effects of exercise on bone health, body composition, physical performance, cardiometabolic risk, fatigue, and quality of life.
Ten studies were included, with exercise interventions involving aerobic and/or resistance training. Exercise training demonstrated benefits in muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, functional task performance, lean body mass, and fatigue, with inconsistent effects observed for adiposity. The impact of exercise on bone health, cardiometabolic risk markers, and quality of life are currently unclear.
Among patients with prostate cancer treated with androgen-deprivation therapy, appropriately prescribed exercise is safe and may ameliorate a range of treatment-induced adverse effects. Ongoing research of high methodologic quality is required to consolidate and expand on current knowledge and to allow the development of specific evidence-based exercise prescription recommendations.
雄激素剥夺疗法是治疗前列腺癌男性患者的常用方法，但该疗法的不良反应可能对患者的健康和生活质量产生不利影响。运动已被提议作为改善一系列此类治疗相关不良反应的策略。我们对有关运动对接受雄激素剥夺疗法治疗前列腺癌的男性患者的治疗相关不良反应的影响的文献进行了系统综述。
对 Cochrane 图书馆、EMBASE、MEDLINE、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus 和 Health Source 数据库进行在线电子检索，以查找 1980 年 1 月至 2013 年 6 月期间发表的相关同行评议文章。合格的研究设计包括随机对照试验以及具有干预前后数据的非对照试验。提取了有关参与者和运动干预特征以及运动对骨骼健康、身体成分、身体机能、心血管代谢风险、疲劳和生活质量的影响的信息。
纳入了 10 项研究，运动干预涉及有氧运动和/或抗阻训练。运动训练显示出对肌肉力量、心肺功能、功能性任务表现、瘦体重和疲劳的有益作用，但对肥胖的影响不一致。运动对骨骼健康、心血管代谢风险标志物和生活质量的影响目前尚不清楚。
在接受雄激素剥夺疗法治疗的前列腺癌患者中，适当的运动是安全的，可能会改善一系列治疗引起的不良反应。需要进行高质量的前瞻性研究，以巩固和扩展现有知识，并制定具体的循证运动处方建议。
