Moloudizargari Milad, Mikaili Peyman, Aghajanshakeri Shahin, Asghari Mohammad Hossein, Shayegh Jalal
Student of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Pharmacogn Rev. 2013 Jul;7(14):199-212. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.120524.
Wild Syrian rue (Peganum harmala L. family Zygophyllaceae) is well-known in Iran and various parts of this plant including, its seeds, bark, and root have been used as folk medicine. Recent years of research has demonstrated different pharmacological and therapeutic effects of P. harmala and its active alkaloids, especially harmine and harmaline. Analytical studies on the chemical composition of the plant show that the most important constituents of this plant are beta-carboline alkaloids such as harmalol, harmaline, and harmine. Harmine is the most studied among these naturally occurring alkaloids. In addition to P. harmala (Syrian rue), these beta-carbolines are present in many other plants such as Banisteria caapi and are used for the treatment of different diseases. This article reviews the traditional uses and pharmacological effects of total extract and individual active alkaloids of P. harmala (Syrian rue).
野生叙利亚芸香（骆驼蓬属蒺藜科）在伊朗广为人知，这种植物的各个部位，包括种子、树皮和根部，都被用作民间药物。近年来的研究表明，骆驼蓬及其活性生物碱，特别是去氢骆驼蓬碱和骆驼蓬碱，具有不同的药理和治疗作用。对该植物化学成分的分析研究表明，这种植物最重要的成分是β-咔啉生物碱，如去氢骆驼蓬醇、骆驼蓬碱和去氢骆驼蓬碱。在这些天然生物碱中，去氢骆驼蓬碱的研究最为深入。除了骆驼蓬（叙利亚芸香），这些β-咔啉还存在于许多其他植物中，如卡皮藤，可用于治疗不同疾病。本文综述了骆驼蓬（叙利亚芸香）总提取物及各活性生物碱的传统用途和药理作用。
