Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drugs Residues, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2013 Dec 3;4:364. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00364. eCollection 2013.
Lincomycin is commonly used on swine farms for growth promotion as well as disease treatment and control. Consequently, lincomycin may accumulate in the environment adjacent to the swine farms in many ways, thereby influencing antibiotic resistance in the environment. Levels of lincomycin-resistance genes and lincomycin residues in water and soil samples collected from multiple sites near wastewater discharge areas were investigated in this study. Sixteen lincomycin-resistance and 16S rRNA genes were detected using real-time PCR. Three genes, lnu(F), erm(A), and erm(B), were detected in all water and soil samples except control samples. Lincomycin residues were determined by rapid resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, with concentrations detected as high as 9.29 ng/mL in water and 0.97 ng/g in soil. A gradual reduction in the levels of lincomycin-resistance genes and lincomycin residues in the waters and soils were detected from multiple sites along the path of wastewater discharging to the surrounding environment from the swine farms. Significant correlations were found between levels of lincomycin-resistance genes in paired water and soil samples (r = 0.885, p = 0.019), and between lincomycin-resistance genes and lincomycin residues (r = 0.975, p < 0.01). This study emphasized the potential risk of dissemination of lincomycin-resistance genes such as lnu(F), erm(A), and erm(B), associated with lincomycin residues in surrounding environments adjacent to swine farms.
林可霉素通常在猪场用于促进生长以及治疗和控制疾病。因此，林可霉素可能通过多种方式在猪场附近的环境中积累，从而影响环境中的抗生素耐药性。本研究调查了来自废水排放区附近多个地点的水和土壤样本中林可霉素耐药基因和林可霉素残留水平。使用实时 PCR 检测了 16 个林可霉素耐药基因和 16S rRNA 基因。除对照样本外，所有水样和土样中均检测到 3 种基因 lnu(F)、erm(A)和 erm(B)。采用快速分辨液相色谱-串联质谱法测定林可霉素残留量，水中最高浓度达 9.29ng/mL，土壤中达 0.97ng/g。从猪场到周围环境的废水排放路径上的多个地点检测到水样和土壤中林可霉素耐药基因和林可霉素残留水平逐渐降低。在配对的水样和土壤样本中，林可霉素耐药基因水平之间存在显著相关性（r=0.885，p=0.019），林可霉素耐药基因与林可霉素残留之间也存在显著相关性（r=0.975，p<0.01）。本研究强调了猪场附近环境中与林可霉素残留相关的林可霉素耐药基因（如 lnu(F)、erm(A)和 erm(B)）传播的潜在风险。
