East Patricia L
University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Mail Code 8449, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103 (
J Marriage Fam. 1998 Feb;60(1):150-162.
This study examines potential racial and ethnic differences in early adolescent girls' desired and perceived normative role timing and the extent to which various socioeconomic and family factors and school and job aspirations might be linked with girls' role-timing expectations. Using a racially and ethnically diverse sample, ( = 574; 183 Hispanics, 177 Blacks, 93 Whites, and 70 Southeast Asians; age = 12.9), results indicated that young women of different races and ethnicities saw their life course unfold in different sequences based on different timetables and independent of their socioeconomic circumstances. Hispanics desired rapid transitions at a young age, and Southeast Asians desired more gradual transitions at an older age. Blacks perceived the greatest likelihood of nonmarital childbearing for themselves, the longest normative interval between first sex and first birth, but they desired the shortest interval between first marriage and first birth. Within-race regressions revealed that girls' future aspirations were important for their expected role timing, even within the context of socioeconomic disadvantage (welfare receipt, low family income). Findings suggest the importance of culture-specific age norms for motivating role timing and role sequencing in young women's lives.
本研究考察了青春期早期女孩期望的和感知到的规范角色时间安排中的潜在种族和族裔差异，以及各种社会经济和家庭因素、学校及职业抱负与女孩角色时间期望之间的关联程度。使用一个种族和族裔多样化的样本（n = 574；183名西班牙裔、177名黑人、93名白人以及70名东南亚人；平均年龄 = 12.9岁），结果表明，不同种族和族裔的年轻女性认为她们的人生轨迹基于不同的时间表且独立于其社会经济状况以不同顺序展开。西班牙裔希望在年轻时快速过渡，而东南亚人希望在年龄稍大时更缓慢地过渡。黑人认为自己非婚生育的可能性最大，首次性行为与首次生育之间的规范间隔最长，但他们希望首次结婚与首次生育之间的间隔最短。种族内部回归分析显示，女孩的未来抱负对她们预期的角色时间安排很重要，即使是在社会经济劣势（领取福利、家庭收入低）的背景下。研究结果表明，特定文化的年龄规范对于激发年轻女性生活中的角色时间安排和角色顺序具有重要意义。
