Borràs Eva, Campins Magda, Esteve María, Urbiztondo Luis, Broner Sonia, Bayas José María, Costa Josep, Domínguez Angela
Public Health Agency; Generalitat of Catalonia; Catalonia, Spain; Department of Public Health; University of Barcelona; Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud pública (CIBERESP); Barcelona, Spain.
Hospital Vall d' Hebrón; Barcelona, Spain.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10(3):686-91. doi: 10.4161/hv.27498. Epub 2013 Dec 19.
Healthcare workers (HCW) have high exposure to infectious diseases, some of which, such as rubella, are vaccine-preventable. The aim of this study was to determine the immunity of HCW against rubella. We performed a seroprevalence study using a self-administered survey and obtained blood samples to determine rubella Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels in HCW during preventive examinations by five Primary Care Basic Prevention Units and six tertiary hospitals in Catalonia. Informed consent was obtained. IgG was determined using an antibody capture microparticle direct chemiluminometric technique. The odss ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Logistic regression was made to calculate adjusted OR. Of 642 HCW who participated (29.9% physician, 38.8% nurses, 13.3% other health workers and 18% non-health workers), 46.6% were primary care workers and 53.4% hospital workers. Of total, 97.2% had rubella antibodies. HCW aged 30-44 years had a higher prevalence of antibodies (98.4%) compared with HCW aged<30 years (adjusted OR 3.92; 95% CI 1.04-14.85). The prevalence was higher in nurses than in other HCW (adjusted OR: 5.57, 95% CI 1.21-25.59). Antibody prevalence did not differ between females and males (97.4% vs. 97.1%, P 0.89), type of center (97.7% vs. 96.8%, P 0.51) or according to history of vaccination (97.3% vs. 96.8%, P 0.82). Seroprevalence of rubella antibodies is high in HCW, but workers aged<30 years have a higher susceptibility (5.5%). Vaccination should be reinforced in HCW in this age group, due to the risk of nosocomial transmission and congenital rubella.
医护人员（HCW）极易接触到传染病，其中一些疾病，如风疹，是可通过疫苗预防的。本研究的目的是确定医护人员对风疹的免疫力。我们通过一项自填式调查问卷开展了一项血清流行率研究，并采集了血液样本，以确定加泰罗尼亚的五个初级保健基本预防单位和六家三级医院在预防性检查期间医护人员的风疹免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体水平。已获得知情同意。使用抗体捕获微粒直接化学发光技术测定IgG。计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。进行逻辑回归以计算调整后的OR。在参与研究的642名医护人员中（29.9%为医生，38.8%为护士，13.3%为其他医护人员，18%为非医护人员），46.6%为初级保健工作者，53.4%为医院工作者。总体而言，97.2%的人有风疹抗体。与年龄<30岁的医护人员相比，30 - 44岁的医护人员抗体流行率更高（98.4%）（调整后的OR为3.92；95%CI为1.04 - 14.85）。护士中的流行率高于其他医护人员（调整后的OR：5.57，95%CI为1.21 - 25.59）。女性和男性之间（97.4%对97.1%，P = 0.89）、中心类型之间（97.7%对96.8%，P = 0.51）或根据疫苗接种史（97.3%对96.8%，P = 0.82），抗体流行率均无差异。医护人员中风疹抗体的血清流行率很高，但年龄<30岁的工作人员易感性较高（5.5%）。由于存在医院内传播和先天性风疹的风险，该年龄组的医护人员应加强疫苗接种。
