Chung K F, Osborne M L, Corrales R J, Evans T W, McCabe L, Frick O L, Nadel J A, Gold W M
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1987 Jan;62(1):253-8. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1987.62.1.253.
Histamine can be recovered from the blood of ragweed-sensitized dogs after aerosol antigen challenge, although its source is unknown. Neutrophils and eosinophils have been recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained under identical conditions. We investigated the time course of changes in histamine levels in plasma and BALF taken from ragweed-sensitized dogs after aerosol challenge. Changes in the numbers of circulating neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets were also studied. After 3 min, total pulmonary resistance (RL) was maximally increased and systolic blood pressure was maximally decreased. Histamine levels in plasma and BALF were increased and circulating eosinophils and neutrophils were decreased. After 15 min, platelet numbers were reduced. By 90 min, changes in RL, blood pressure, plasma and BALF histamine concentrations, and circulating neutrophils and eosinophils had returned to base-line values, but platelet numbers remained significantly decreased. Sham challenge caused no significant changes in any of these variables. Intravenous administration of histamine in doses large enough to attain plasma levels comparable with those achieved after aerosol antigen challenge resulted in no concomitant rise in BALF histamine levels. We conclude that antigen challenge in sensitized dogs causes increases in BALF and plasma histamine levels and is associated with a reduction in circulating neutrophils, eosinophils, and platelets. It is likely that antigen causes airway mast cells to release mediators that move down a concentration gradient from the airways to the pulmonary circulation.
在气雾化抗原激发后，可从豚草致敏犬的血液中回收组胺，尽管其来源尚不清楚。在相同条件下，已从支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中回收了中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞。我们研究了气雾化激发后，从豚草致敏犬采集的血浆和BALF中组胺水平的变化时间过程。还研究了循环中的中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞和血小板数量的变化。3分钟后，总肺阻力（RL）最大程度增加，收缩压最大程度降低。血浆和BALF中的组胺水平升高，循环中的嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞减少。15分钟后，血小板数量减少。到90分钟时，RL、血压、血浆和BALF组胺浓度以及循环中的中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞的变化已恢复到基线值，但血小板数量仍显著减少。假激发在这些变量中均未引起显著变化。静脉注射剂量足够大、足以使血浆水平与气雾化抗原激发后达到的水平相当的组胺，并未导致BALF组胺水平随之升高。我们得出结论，致敏犬的抗原激发导致BALF和血浆组胺水平升高，并与循环中的中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和血小板减少有关。抗原很可能导致气道肥大细胞释放介质，这些介质沿浓度梯度从气道向肺循环移动。
