Department of Movement Sciences and Nutrition and Toxicology Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University , Maastricht, the Netherlands.
J Sports Sci Med. 2006 Dec 15;5(4):699-706. eCollection 2006.
Body Mass Index (BMI) has often questionably been used to define body build. In the present study body build was defined more specifically using fat free mass index (FFMI = fat free mass normalised to the stature) and fat mass index (FMI = fat mass normalised to stature). The body build of an individual is 'solid' in individuals with a high FFMI for their FMI and is 'slender' in individuals with a low FFMI relative to their FMI. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between aerobic test performance and body build defined as solid, average or slender in 10 to 15 year old children. Five-hundred-and-two children (53% boys) aged 10 to 15 years of age were included in the study. Aerobic test performance was estimated with an incremental cycle ergometer protocol and a shuttle run test. BMI and percentage fat (by skin folds) were determined to calculate FMI and FFMI. After adjustment for differences in age, gender and body mass the solid group achieved a significantly higher maximal power output (W) and power output relative to body mass (W/kg) during the cycle test (p < 0.05) and a higher shuttle-run score (p < 0.05) compared to the slender group. The power output relative to FFM (W/kg FFM) was comparable (p > 0.05) between different body build groups. This study showed that body build is an important determinant of the aerobic test performance. In contrast, there were no differences in aerobic test performance per kilogramme FFM over the body build groups. This suggests that the body build may be determined by genetic predisposition. Key PointsChildren with a solid body build perform better in aerobic exercise tests than slender children.The power output relative to fat free mass was comparable in the solid, slender and average group.Besides body composition, body build should be considered related to other performance measurements.
体重指数（BMI）常被用于定义体型，但存在一定争议。本研究中，我们更具体地使用去脂体重指数（FFMI = 去脂体重与身高的比值）和脂肪质量指数（FMI = 脂肪质量与身高的比值）来定义体型。个体的体型为“结实”，表示其FFMI 高于其 FMI；个体的体型为“苗条”，表示其 FFMI 低于其 FMI。本研究旨在探讨 10 至 15 岁儿童中，以“结实”、“平均”或“苗条”定义的体型与有氧运动表现之间的关系。本研究共纳入 502 名（53%为男性）10 至 15 岁的儿童。采用递增式踏车测力计方案和 shuttle 跑测试评估有氧运动表现。通过皮褶厚度测量确定 BMI 和体脂百分比，以计算 FMI 和 FFMI。在调整年龄、性别和体重后，与苗条组相比，结实组在踏车测试中获得了更高的最大功率输出（W）和单位体重输出（W/kg）（p < 0.05），以及更高的 shuttle 跑得分（p < 0.05）。FFMI 相对单位体重输出（W/kgFFMI）在不同体型组之间相当（p > 0.05）。本研究表明，体型是有氧运动表现的重要决定因素。相比之下，不同体型组的 FFMI 相对有氧运动表现没有差异。这表明体型可能由遗传倾向决定。要点结实体型的儿童在有氧运动测试中的表现优于苗条体型的儿童。相对于去脂体重的输出在结实、苗条和平均体型组中相当。除了身体成分，体型也应被视为与其他表现测量相关的因素。
