Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Susanna, Banerjee P Nina, Gissler Mika, Lampi Katja M, Vanhala Raija, Brown Alan S, Sourander André
Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki, Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2014 Oct;68(7):472-80. doi: 10.3109/08039488.2013.861017. Epub 2013 Dec 20.
Previous reports indicate an increase in incidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
First, to assess the incidence of diagnosed ASD in children born between 1996 and 1998, based on nationwide inpatient and outpatient register information. Second, to investigate the incidence rate over time of diagnosed ASD and specifically childhood autism, Asperger's syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD-NOS) in children born between 1987 and 1998.
This is population-based cohort study with children born in Finland between 1 January 1987 and 31 December 2005; a total of more than 1.2 million children. Children were identified in the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register, and the reported diagnoses were based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-10, ICD-9).
The annual incidence rate of diagnosed ASD based on inpatient and outpatient register data was 53.7 per 10,000 (95% CI 50.4-57.2). Incidence was 82.6 per 10,000 in boys and 23.6 per 10,000 in girls, yielding a sex ratio (boys:girls) of 3.5:1. We report an eightfold increase in the incidence rates in children of diagnosed ASD and specifically in childhood autism, Asperger's syndrome and PDD-NOS and born between 1987 and 1992 based on inpatient register information.
Increased awareness of ASD, more precise diagnostic criteria and changes in practice for diagnosing autism may have had a substantial effect on the increased incidence of inpatient treated ASD cases from 1987 to 1992. Between 1992 and 1998, the incidence rate based on inpatient and outpatient service use remained rather stable.
先前的报告表明自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的发病率有所上升。
第一，基于全国住院和门诊登记信息，评估1996年至1998年出生儿童中确诊ASD的发病率。第二，调查1987年至1998年出生儿童中确诊ASD以及特定的儿童自闭症、阿斯伯格综合征和广泛性发育障碍（未特定的）（PDD-NOS）随时间的发病率。
这是一项基于人群的队列研究，研究对象为1987年1月1日至2005年12月31日在芬兰出生的儿童；总计超过120万儿童。通过芬兰医院出院登记册识别儿童，报告的诊断基于国际疾病分类（ICD-10、ICD-9）。
基于住院和门诊登记数据，确诊ASD的年发病率为每10000人中有53.7例（95%置信区间50.4 - 57.2）。男孩的发病率为每10000人中有82.6例，女孩为每10000人中有23.6例，男女比例（男孩：女孩）为3.5：1。基于住院登记信息，我们报告1987年至1992年出生的儿童中，确诊ASD以及特定的儿童自闭症、阿斯伯格综合征和PDD-NOS的发病率增加了八倍。
对ASD认识的提高、更精确的诊断标准以及自闭症诊断实践的变化，可能对1987年至1992年住院治疗的ASD病例发病率上升产生了重大影响。1992年至1998年期间，基于住院和门诊服务使用情况的发病率保持相当稳定。
