University of Turin, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), Via L. da Vinci 44, Grugliasco, 10095 Turin, Italy.
Associazione Regionale Allevatori del Piemonte, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy.
Food Chem. 2014 May 1;150:49-57. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.087. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
Near (NIR) and medium (MIR) infrared reflectance spectroscopy (IR) predictions of fatty acid (FA) composition, expressed as g/kg of milk or g/100g of FA, on fresh and thawed milk were compared. Two-hundred-and-fifty bulk cow milks, collected from 70 farms in northwest Italy, were scanned by MIR in liquid form and by NIR in liquid and oven-dried forms. MIR and NIR FA (g/100g FA) predictions on oven-dried milk were similar for the sum of even chain-saturated FA (ECSFA), odd chain-FA (OCFA), unsaturated FA (UFA), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), n-3 FA, and C18:1cis9 to C16 ratio. The monounsaturated FA (MUFA), n-6 to n-3 ratio, polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), and n-6 FA were predicted better by NIR on oven-dried milk. The NIR showed worse predictions than MIR for almost all FA, when expressed as g/kg of milk. The NIR predictions on fresh liquid and oven-dried milk were similar, but the reliability decreased for thawed liquid milk. The high performance shown by NIR and MIR allows their use for routine milk FA composition recording.
近红外（NIR）和中红外（MIR）反射光谱（IR）预测脂肪酸（FA）组成，以牛奶中的克/千克或 FA 中的克/100 克表示，对新鲜和解冻牛奶进行了比较。从意大利西北部 70 个农场收集了 250 批散装牛奶，在液态下用 MIR 扫描，在液态和烤箱干燥形式下用 NIR 扫描。MIR 和 NIR 在烤箱干燥牛奶上的 FA（g/100g FA）预测对于偶数链饱和 FA（ECSFA）、奇数链 FA（OCFA）、不饱和 FA（UFA）、共轭亚油酸（CLA）、n-3 FA 和 C18:1cis9 到 C16 比率相似。单不饱和 FA（MUFA）、n-6 到 n-3 比率、多不饱和 FA（PUFA）和 n-6 FA 在烤箱干燥牛奶上用 NIR 预测效果更好。当以牛奶中的克表示时，NIR 对几乎所有 FA 的预测都不如 MIR 好。NIR 在新鲜液态和烤箱干燥牛奶上的预测相似，但解冻液态牛奶的可靠性降低。NIR 和 MIR 的高性能允许它们用于常规牛奶 FA 组成记录。
