Département de Radiologie, Radio-Oncologie et Médecine Nucléaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Département de Radiologie, Radio-Oncologie et Médecine Nucléaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Can Assoc Radiol J. 2014 Aug;65(3):275-86. doi: 10.1016/j.carj.2013.05.003. Epub 2013 Dec 19.
Ischemic syndromes associated with carotid atherosclerotic disease are often related to plaque rupture. The benefit of endarterectomy for high-grade carotid stenosis in symptomatic patients has been established. However, in asymptomatic patients, the benefit of endarterectomy remains equivocal. Current research seeks to risk stratify asymptomatic patients by characterizing vulnerable, rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaques. Plaque composition, biology, and biomechanics are studied by noninvasive imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, ultrasound, and ultrasound elastography. These techniques are at a developmental stage and have yet to be used in clinical practice. This review will describe noninvasive techniques in ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography imaging modalities used to characterize atherosclerotic plaque, and will discuss their potential clinical applications, benefits, and drawbacks.
与颈动脉粥样硬化性疾病相关的缺血综合征通常与斑块破裂有关。颈动脉内膜切除术对有症状的重度颈动脉狭窄患者的益处已得到证实。然而，在无症状患者中，颈动脉内膜切除术的益处仍存在争议。目前的研究旨在通过对易损、易破裂的动脉粥样硬化斑块进行特征分析，对无症状患者进行风险分层。通过磁共振成像、计算机断层扫描、超声和超声弹性成像等非侵入性成像技术来研究斑块的组成、生物学和生物力学。这些技术仍处于发展阶段，尚未在临床实践中应用。本文将描述用于描述动脉粥样硬化斑块的超声、磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描成像方式中的非侵入性技术，并讨论它们的潜在临床应用、益处和缺点。
