Fang Jing, Yu Bo-Yang
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2013 Oct;34(10):4050-7.
Transport behaviors of nano-CeO2, nano-TiO2 and nano-Al2O3 materials in various soils were investigated by column leaching experiment. The relationship between transportability of nanomaterials and soil properties was analyzed and potential transport distances of nanomaterials in soils were estimated by applying the colloid migration dynamic model. The result shows that both nano-CeO2 and nano-TiO2 have strong mobility in most of tested soils. While nano-Al2O3 is almost completely retained in most of tested soils except acidic soil, in which nano-Al2O3 shows relatively strong transportability. The transport mechanisms of nanomaterials in soils are very complicated. Among electrostatic interaction, soil surface charge heterogeneities, aggregation, straining and ripening, each of them plays an important role in the transport of nanomaterials. The transportability of nano-CeO2 is negatively correlated with soil Zeta potential, while that of nano-TiO2 is negatively correlated with soil clay content, and positively correlated with soil permeability coefficients. The transportability of nano-Al2O3 is negatively correlated with soil pH, and positively correlated with soil permeability coefficients. The estimated maximum transport distances of nano-CeO2, nano-TiO2 and nano-Al2O3 materials in soils were 526,9043 cm, 31-332 cm and <10-5,722 cm, respectively. The estimated potential transport distances of nanomaterials in some soils are far more than the surface soil depth of 30 cm, indicating severe risks to deeper soil layers would potentially occur in these soils.
通过柱淋溶实验研究了纳米二氧化铈、纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化铝材料在各种土壤中的迁移行为。分析了纳米材料迁移性与土壤性质之间的关系，并应用胶体迁移动力学模型估算了纳米材料在土壤中的潜在迁移距离。结果表明，纳米二氧化铈和纳米二氧化钛在大多数测试土壤中都具有较强的迁移性。而纳米氧化铝在大多数测试土壤中几乎完全被保留，除了酸性土壤，在酸性土壤中纳米氧化铝表现出相对较强的迁移性。纳米材料在土壤中的迁移机制非常复杂。在静电相互作用、土壤表面电荷不均匀性、聚集、过滤和老化中，它们各自在纳米材料的迁移中都起着重要作用。纳米二氧化铈的迁移性与土壤zeta电位呈负相关，而纳米二氧化钛的迁移性与土壤粘土含量呈负相关，与土壤渗透系数呈正相关。纳米氧化铝的迁移性与土壤pH值呈负相关，与土壤渗透系数呈正相关。纳米二氧化铈、纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化铝材料在土壤中的估计最大迁移距离分别为526、9043厘米、31 - 332厘米和< 10 - 5722厘米。纳米材料在某些土壤中的估计潜在迁移距离远远超过30厘米的表层土壤深度，表明这些土壤可能对更深的土壤层构成严重风险。
