[外源铁对不同品种番茄镉积累、化学形态及生理特性的影响]

[Effect of exogenous iron on accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium, and physiological characterization in different varieties of tomato].

作者信息

Liu Jun, Zhou Kun, Xu Wei-Hong, Chen Hui, Zhang Ming-Zhong, Jiang Ling, Yang Yun, Wang Chong-Li, Xiong Zhi-Ting

机构信息

College of Resources and Environments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.

College of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.

出版信息

Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2013 Oct;34(10):4126-31.

PMID:24364340

Abstract

Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of different iron (Fe) levels (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 micromol.L-1) on the plant growth, activities of antioxidant enzymes, accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium (Cd) in tomato when exposed to Cd (10 mg.kg-1). The results showed that dry weights of fruit, roots, stem, leaf, and plant, and concentration and accumulation of Cd significantly differed between the two varieties of tomato tested. Dry weights of fruit, roots, stem, leaf, and plant increased in the presence of Fe. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of root in both varieties, and activities of catalase (CAT) of root in Yufenl09 deceased at first, and then increased with increasing levels of Fe, but activities of peroxidase (POD) of root in both varieties and activities of CAT of root in 4641 increased at first, and then reduced with increasing levels of Fe. Chemical forms of Cd in fruit of tomato were in the order of FR > FHCl > FE > FNaCl > FHAC > FW. All chemical forms of Cd obviously decreased after the application of adequate Fe compared to the control, while FHcI and FR of 4641, and the total extractable Cd, FE, FNaCl and FR of Yufenl09 increased at 400 micromol.L-1Fe treatment. Cadmium accumulations of tomato were in the order of leaf > stew > fruit > roots. Cadmium concentration in leaf, stem, roots and fruit of both varieties decreased by 7. 1% -25.3% , 30. 8% -50. 4% , 13.0% -45. 1% and 2.8% -11.7% in the presence of Fe when exposed to Cd, and the Cd concentration of fruit and Cd accumulations in plant were in the order of 4641 < Yufenl09 in the presence or absence of Fe.

摘要

进行盆栽试验，以研究在番茄暴露于镉（10毫克·千克⁻¹）时，不同铁（Fe）水平（0、50、100、200和400微摩尔·升⁻¹）对番茄植株生长、抗氧化酶活性、镉（Cd）积累及化学形态的影响。结果表明，所测试的两个番茄品种在果实、根、茎、叶和植株的干重，以及镉的浓度和积累方面存在显著差异。在有铁存在的情况下，果实、根、茎、叶和植株的干重增加。两个品种根中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性，以及渝粉109根中过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性起初下降，然后随着铁水平的增加而增加，但两个品种根中过氧化物酶（POD）的活性以及4641根中CAT的活性起初增加，然后随着铁水平的增加而降低。番茄果实中镉的化学形态顺序为残渣态（FR）＞盐酸提取态（FHCl）＞乙醇提取态（FE）＞氯化钠提取态（FNaCl）＞醋酸提取态（FHAC）＞水溶态（FW）。与对照相比，施用适量铁后，镉的所有化学形态均明显下降，而在400微摩尔·升⁻¹铁处理下，4641的FHcI和FR，以及渝粉109的总可提取镉、FE、FNaCl和FR增加。番茄中镉的积累顺序为叶＞茎＞果实＞根。在暴露于镉时，有铁存在的情况下，两个品种叶、茎、根和果实中的镉浓度分别降低了7.1% - 25.3%、30.8% - 50.4%、13.0% - 45.1%和2.8% - 11.7%，并且在有或没有铁的情况下，果实中的镉浓度和植株中的镉积累量顺序均为4641＜渝粉109。