Bouazzaoui Badiâa, Angel Lucie, Fay Séverine, Taconnat Laurence, Charlotte Froger, Isingrini Michel
University François Rabelais of Tours, UMR CNRS 7295 CeRCA Research Center on Cognition and Learning.
Can J Exp Psychol. 2014 Mar;68(1):59-66. doi: 10.1037/cep0000005. Epub 2013 Dec 23.
Recent behavioural and imaging data have shown that memory functioning seems to rely more on executive functions and on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in older than in young adults. Using a behavioural approach, our objective was to confirm the hypothesis that young and older adults present different patterns of correlation between episodic memory performance and executive functioning. We report three studies comparing the correlations of young and older adults in a broad range of episodic memory and executive function tasks. The results indicated that memory and executive performance were consistently and significantly correlated in older but not in younger adults. Regression analyses confirmed that age-related differences in episodic memory performance could be explained by individual differences in executive functioning. The results are consistent with the view that memory functioning in aging is accompanied by a shift from automatic to controlled forms of processing. They also generalise the executive hypothesis of episodic memory aging and are in line with the idea that executive functions act as a compensatory mechanism against age-related memory decline.
最近的行为和成像数据表明，与年轻人相比，老年人的记忆功能似乎更依赖于执行功能和前额叶皮层（PFC）。我们采用行为学方法，目的是验证一个假设，即年轻人和老年人在情景记忆表现与执行功能之间呈现出不同的相关模式。我们报告了三项研究，比较了年轻人和老年人在一系列广泛的情景记忆和执行功能任务中的相关性。结果表明，老年人的记忆和执行表现始终显著相关，而年轻人则不然。回归分析证实，情景记忆表现中与年龄相关的差异可以由执行功能的个体差异来解释。这些结果与以下观点一致：衰老过程中的记忆功能伴随着从自动加工形式向控制加工形式的转变。它们还推广了情景记忆衰老的执行假设，并且与执行功能作为对抗与年龄相关的记忆衰退的补偿机制这一观点相符。
