Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, Giessen 35392, Germany.
Sensors (Basel). 2013 Dec 23;14(1):212-28. doi: 10.3390/s140100212.
We have developed a high-resolution automatic sampling system for continuous in situ measurements of stable water isotopic composition and nitrogen solutes along with hydrological information. The system facilitates concurrent monitoring of a large number of water and nutrient fluxes (ground, surface, irrigation and rain water) in irrigated agriculture. For this purpose we couple an automatic sampling system with a Wavelength-Scanned Cavity Ring Down Spectrometry System (WS-CRDS) for stable water isotope analysis (δ2H and δ18O), a reagentless hyperspectral UV photometer (ProPS) for monitoring nitrate content and various water level sensors for hydrometric information. The automatic sampling system consists of different sampling stations equipped with pumps, a switch cabinet for valve and pump control and a computer operating the system. The complete system is operated via internet-based control software, allowing supervision from nearly anywhere. The system is currently set up at the International Rice Research Institute (Los Baños, The Philippines) in a diversified rice growing system to continuously monitor water and nutrient fluxes. Here we present the system's technical set-up and provide initial proof-of-concept with results for the isotopic composition of different water sources and nitrate values from the 2012 dry season.
我们开发了一种高分辨率自动采样系统，用于对稳定的水同位素组成和氮溶质以及水文信息进行连续原位测量。该系统有助于同时监测灌溉农业中大量的水和养分通量（地下水、地表水、灌溉水和雨水）。为此，我们将自动采样系统与波长扫描腔衰荡光谱系统（WS-CRDS）相结合，用于稳定水同位素分析（δ2H 和 δ18O），无试剂的高光谱紫外光度计（ProPS）用于监测硝酸盐含量和各种水位传感器用于水文信息。自动采样系统由配备有泵的不同采样站、用于阀和泵控制的开关柜以及操作该系统的计算机组成。整个系统通过基于互联网的控制软件进行操作，允许几乎在任何地方进行监督。该系统目前在国际水稻研究所（菲律宾洛斯巴尼奥斯）的一个多样化的水稻种植系统中设置，以连续监测水和养分通量。在这里，我们介绍了系统的技术设置，并提供了不同水源的同位素组成和 2012 年旱季硝酸盐值的初步概念验证结果。
