Olshavsky Megan E, Song Bryan J, Powell Daniel J, Jones Carolyn E, Monfils Marie-H, Lee Hongjoo J
Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA.
Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA ; Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2013 Dec 9;7:186. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00186. eCollection 2013.
When presented with a light cue followed by food, some rats simply approach the foodcup (Nonorienters), while others first orient to the light in addition to displaying the food-cup approach behavior (Orienters). Cue-directed orienting may reflect enhanced attentional and/or emotional processing of the cue, suggesting divergent natures of cue-information processing in Orienters and Nonorienters. The current studies investigate how differences in cue processing might manifest in appetitive memory retrieval and updating using a paradigm developed to persistently attenuate fear responses (Retrieval-extinction paradigm; Monfils et al., 2009). First, we examined whether the retrieval-extinction paradigm could attenuate appetitive responses in Orienters and Nonorienters. Next, we investigated if the appetitive memory could be updated using reversal learning (fear conditioning) during the reconsolidation window (as opposed to repeated unreinforced trials, i.e., extinction). Both extinction and new fear learning given within the reconsolidation window were effective at persistently updating the initial appetitive memory in the Orienters, but not the Nonorienters. Since conditioned orienting is mediated by the amygdala central nucleus (CeA), our final experiment examined the CeA's role in the retrieval-extinction process. Bilateral CeA lesions interfered with the retrieval-extinction paradigm-did not prevent spontaneous recovery of food-cup approach. Together, our studies demonstrate the critical role of conditioned orienting behavior and the CeA in updating appetitive memory during the reconsolidation window.
当给大鼠呈现一个光信号后紧接着提供食物时，一些大鼠只是简单地接近食杯（非定向者），而另一些大鼠除了表现出接近食杯的行为外，还会首先朝向光信号（定向者）。线索引导的定向可能反映了对线索的注意力和/或情绪处理增强，这表明定向者和非定向者在线索信息处理的性质上存在差异。当前的研究使用一种为持续减弱恐惧反应而开发的范式（检索消退范式；蒙菲尔斯等人，2009年），来探究线索处理的差异在食欲记忆检索和更新中可能如何表现。首先，我们研究了检索消退范式是否能减弱定向者和非定向者的食欲反应。接下来，我们研究了在重新巩固窗口期间，是否可以通过逆向学习（恐惧条件作用）来更新食欲记忆（与重复的无强化试验，即消退相反）。在重新巩固窗口内进行的消退和新的恐惧学习，都能有效地持续更新定向者的初始食欲记忆，但对非定向者无效。由于条件性定向是由杏仁核中央核（CeA）介导的，我们的最终实验研究了CeA在检索消退过程中的作用。双侧CeA损伤干扰了检索消退范式——并未阻止食杯接近行为的自发恢复。总之，我们的研究证明了条件性定向行为和CeA在重新巩固窗口期间更新食欲记忆中的关键作用。
