Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Feb;24(2):198-204. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.07.001. Epub 2013 Dec 22.
Different types of dietary fats exert differential effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of different dietary fats on the expression of skeletal muscle genes regulating mitochondrial replication and function in healthy subjects.
Ten healthy subjects (age 29 ± 3 years; BMI 25.0 ± 3 kg/m(2)) received in a random order a test meal with the same energy content but different composition in macronutrients and quality of fat: Mediterranean (MED) meal, SAFA meal (Lipid 66%, saturated 36%) and MUFA meal (Lipid 63%, monounsaturated 37%). At fast and after 180 min, a fine needle aspiration was performed from the vastus lateralis for determination of mitochondrial gene expression by quantitative PCR. No difference in glucose and triglyceride response was observed between the three meals, while NEFA levels were significantly higher following fat-rich meals compared to MED meal (p < 0.002-0.0001). MED meal was associated with an increased expression, albeit not statistically significant, of some genes regulating both replication and function. Following MUFA meal, a significant increase in the expression of PGC1β (p = 0.02) and a reduction in the transcription factor PPARδ (p = 0.006) occurred with no change in the expression of COX and GLUT4 genes. In contrast, SAFA meal was associated with a marked reduction in the expression of COX (p < 0.001) PFK (p < 0.003), LPL (p = 0.002) and GLUT4 (p = 0.009) genes.
Dietary fats differentially modulate gene transcriptional profile since saturated, but not monounsaturated fat, downregulate the expression of genes regulating muscle glucose transport and oxidation.
不同类型的膳食脂肪对葡萄糖和脂质代谢有不同的影响。我们的目的是评估不同膳食脂肪对健康受试者调节骨骼肌线粒体复制和功能的基因表达的影响。
10 名健康受试者（年龄 29 ± 3 岁；BMI 25.0 ± 3 kg/m2）按随机顺序接受了能量含量相同但宏量营养素和脂肪质量不同的测试餐：地中海（MED）餐、饱和脂肪（SAFA）餐（脂肪 66%，饱和 36%）和单不饱和脂肪（MUFA）餐（脂肪 63%，单不饱和 37%）。在空腹和 180 分钟后，从股外侧肌进行细针抽吸，通过定量 PCR 测定线粒体基因表达。三种膳食之间的葡萄糖和甘油三酯反应没有差异，而富含脂肪的膳食与 MED 膳食相比，NEFA 水平显著升高（p < 0.002-0.0001）。与 MED 膳食相比，MUFA 膳食与一些调节复制和功能的基因表达增加有关，尽管没有统计学意义。MUFA 餐后，PGC1β 的表达显著增加（p = 0.02），PPARδ 的转录因子减少（p = 0.006），而 COX 和 GLUT4 基因的表达没有变化。相比之下，SAFA 膳食与 COX（p < 0.001）、PFK（p < 0.003）、LPL（p = 0.002）和 GLUT4（p = 0.009）基因表达的明显减少有关。
膳食脂肪通过调节基因转录谱来调节肌肉葡萄糖摄取和氧化的基因表达，而饱和脂肪而不是单不饱和脂肪会下调这些基因的表达。
