Vásquez Elizabeth, Shaw Benjamin A, Gensburg Lenore, Okorodudu Daniel, Corsino Leonor
University at Albany, State University of New York (SUNY), School of Public Health, One University Place, GEC 125 Rensselaer, NY 12144. E-mail:
University at Albany, SUNY, Rensselaer, New York.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2013 Dec 26;10:E216. doi: 10.5888/pcd10.130183.
Participation in regular physical activity (PA) may help maintain bone health as people age. However, most American adults do not engage in the recommended minimum levels of PA, and there are racial/ethnic differences in PA participation. This study aimed to determine whether current physical activity is related to bone density in a racially/ethnically diverse sample after controlling for age, sex, body mass index, poverty-income ratio, tobacco use, vitamin D and calcium intake, and use of osteoporosis medications.
We obtained data on femoral bone mineral density for 2,819 adults aged 40 to 80 years who self-reported their race/ethnicity on the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data on PA levels were obtained by self-report. We used linear regression models to examine the association between PA and bone density for each racial/ethnic group.
A greater percentage of non-Hispanic blacks (60.9%) and Hispanics (53.3%) reported low levels of PA than non-Hispanic whites (45.3%, P < .001). Non-Hispanic blacks (16.3%) and Hispanics (18.5%) had a lower prevalence of osteopenia than non-Hispanic whites (25.5%; P = .01) but were similar in the prevalence of normal and osteoporosis categories when compared with whites. There was a 0.031 g/cm(2) difference in bone density between those in the high PA versus the low PA category (P = .003). This association remained (β = 0.027, P < .001) after adjusting for race/ethnicity, sex, body mass index, poverty-income ratio, tobacco use, and use of osteoporosis medications.
Despite lower levels of activity, blacks and Hispanics were not more likely to have osteoporosis, and high levels of activity were significantly associated with higher bone density even when controlling for race/ethnicity and confounders. The lack of consistency in bone density differences suggests that the cause of the differences maybe multifactorial.
随着年龄增长，定期进行体育活动（PA）可能有助于维持骨骼健康。然而，大多数美国成年人并未达到推荐的最低PA水平，并且在PA参与方面存在种族/民族差异。本研究旨在确定在控制年龄、性别、体重指数、贫困收入比、烟草使用、维生素D和钙摄入量以及骨质疏松症药物使用后，当前的体育活动是否与种族/民族多样化样本中的骨密度相关。
我们从2007 - 2008年国家健康和营养检查调查中获取了2819名40至80岁成年人的股骨骨矿物质密度数据，这些成年人自行报告了他们的种族/民族。PA水平数据通过自我报告获得。我们使用线性回归模型来检查每个种族/民族群体中PA与骨密度之间的关联。
报告低PA水平的非西班牙裔黑人（60.9%）和西班牙裔（53.3%）的比例高于非西班牙裔白人（45.3%，P <.001）。非西班牙裔黑人（16.3%）和西班牙裔（18.5%）的骨质减少患病率低于非西班牙裔白人（25.5%；P =.01），但与白人相比，在正常和骨质疏松类别患病率方面相似。高PA组与低PA组之间的骨密度差异为0.031 g/cm²（P =.003）。在调整种族/民族、性别、体重指数、贫困收入比、烟草使用和骨质疏松症药物使用后，这种关联仍然存在（β = 0.027，P <.001）。
尽管活动水平较低，但黑人和西班牙裔患骨质疏松症的可能性并不更高，即使在控制种族/民族和混杂因素后，高活动水平也与更高的骨密度显著相关。骨密度差异缺乏一致性表明差异的原因可能是多因素的。
