Salgado-García Francisco I, Zuber Jeffrey K, Graney Marshall J, Nichols Linda O, Martindale-Adams Jennifer L, Andrasik Frank
Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee.
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis.
Gerontologist. 2015 Oct;55(5):780-92. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnt149. Epub 2013 Dec 26.
The relationship between stress and smoking has been established, but there is little research on the effects of stress and coping on smoking in caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients. This study examines how caregiver stressors and coping resources explain smoking status and recent smoking increase.
Data were obtained from the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregivers Health (REACH II) study. Analyses identified differences between caregiver smokers and nonsmokers and between caregiver smokers who reported a recent smoking increase and those who did not. Variables that were significantly different between the groups were examined in two logistic regression analyses to explain smoking status and smoking increase.
Of 642 caregivers, nearly 40% reported smoking and 25% of smokers reported recent increase in smoking. Younger caregivers were more likely to report smoking. Explanatory variables for smoking increase were being Caucasian or African-American, higher depression scores, and less caregiving skills.
This study demonstrates that smoking among caregivers is a valid public health concern. Further investigation of ways that explanatory variables affect smoking status and increase in caregivers, and incorporation of smoking cessation strategies that address depression and low caregiving skills, seem warranted in future caregiver interventions.
压力与吸烟之间的关系已得到证实，但针对阿尔茨海默病患者照料者的压力及应对方式对吸烟影响的研究较少。本研究探讨照料者的压力源及应对资源如何解释吸烟状况及近期吸烟量增加的情况。
数据取自增强阿尔茨海默病照料者健康资源（REACH II）研究。分析确定了照料者吸烟者与非吸烟者之间以及报告近期吸烟量增加的照料者吸烟者与未增加的吸烟者之间的差异。在两项逻辑回归分析中检验了两组之间存在显著差异的变量，以解释吸烟状况和吸烟量增加情况。
在642名照料者中，近40%报告吸烟，25%的吸烟者报告近期吸烟量增加。年轻的照料者更有可能报告吸烟。吸烟量增加的解释变量为白人或非裔美国人、抑郁得分较高以及照料技能较少。
本研究表明，照料者吸烟是一个切实的公共卫生问题。未来在照料者干预措施中，有必要进一步研究解释变量如何影响照料者的吸烟状况及吸烟量增加情况，并纳入针对抑郁和照料技能不足的戒烟策略。
