Riechers Alexander, Bosserhoff Anja Katrin
Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Exp Dermatol. 2014 Jan;23(1):12-4. doi: 10.1111/exd.12281.
Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer with a very poor prognosis after the onset of metastasis. We have previously demonstrated that the protein melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) is involved in the metastasis of and immunosuppression in malignant melanoma. Recently, we further established MIA as a therapeutic target to inhibit metastatic spread in malignant melanoma. We could show that an inhibition of MIA by a synthetic peptide decreased both the number of metastases as well as immunosuppression in a murine model of malignant melanoma. To control recurrence after surgical resection of a primary lesion, it is paramount to have diagnostic tools available that can detect a relapse due to the strong metastatic potential of melanoma. This follow-up is maintained with periodic re-examinations. Due to high cost and the associated radiation exposure, radiology examinations are avoided if possible. The analysis of prognostic markers in patient serum is therefore attractive. In this review, we focus on the quantitative analysis of the MIA protein as a prognostic tool because it has proven to be a useful serum marker for documenting disease progression of malignant melanoma. The MIA quantification assay itself is readily performed using an ELISA kit and common laboratory equipment. Because analysing MIA serum levels in combination with other established markers such as S100B improves their prognostic value, we feel that the quantification of MIA in the serum, among other markers, should be performed as a general standard of care in patients at risk of developing metastatic melanoma.
恶性黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性很强的癌症，转移发生后预后很差。我们之前已经证明，黑色素瘤抑制活性（MIA）蛋白参与恶性黑色素瘤的转移和免疫抑制。最近，我们进一步确定MIA作为抑制恶性黑色素瘤转移扩散的治疗靶点。我们能够证明，在恶性黑色素瘤小鼠模型中，合成肽对MIA的抑制作用可减少转移灶数量并减轻免疫抑制。由于黑色素瘤具有很强的转移潜能，为控制原发性病变手术切除后的复发，拥有能够检测复发的诊断工具至关重要。通过定期复查来维持这种随访。由于成本高且存在相关辐射暴露，尽可能避免进行放射学检查。因此，分析患者血清中的预后标志物很有吸引力。在本综述中，我们重点关注MIA蛋白的定量分析作为一种预后工具，因为它已被证明是记录恶性黑色素瘤疾病进展的有用血清标志物。MIA定量检测本身使用ELISA试剂盒和普通实验室设备即可轻松完成。由于将MIA血清水平与其他已确立的标志物（如S100B）结合分析可提高其预后价值，我们认为，在有发生转移性黑色素瘤风险的患者中，除其他标志物外，血清中MIA的定量检测应作为一般护理标准进行。
