Istituto di Ematologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014 Jun;20 Suppl 6:19-26. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12464. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) represent important complications in patients with haematological malignancies. Chemoprevention of IFIs may play an important role in this setting, but in the past decades the majority of antifungal drugs utilized demonstrated poor efficacy, particularly in the prevention of invasive aspergillosis. The new triazoles are very useful antifungal drugs, more suitable for prophylaxis of IFIs than amphotericin B and echinocandins. In this review, the main clinical data about antifungal prophylaxis with fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole are analysed. At present, posaconazole appears to be the most efficacious azole in antifungal prophylaxis, particularly in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia.
侵袭性真菌感染（IFI）是血液恶性肿瘤患者的重要并发症。IFI 的化学预防可能在这种情况下发挥重要作用，但在过去几十年中，大多数使用的抗真菌药物疗效不佳，特别是在预防侵袭性曲霉病方面。新型三唑类药物是非常有用的抗真菌药物，在 IFI 的预防方面比两性霉素 B 和棘白菌素类药物更适用。在这篇综述中，分析了氟康唑、伊曲康唑、伏立康唑和泊沙康唑抗真菌预防的主要临床数据。目前，泊沙康唑似乎是抗真菌预防中最有效的唑类药物，特别是在急性髓系白血病患者中。
