Smithers Lisa G, Lynch John W, Merlin Tracy
School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2014 May;50(5):386-92. doi: 10.1111/jpc.12488. Epub 2013 Dec 27.
The aim of this study is to examine the amount of non-core (unhealthy) food advertising currently on Australian television (i) during children's programmes and viewing times; (ii) since the introduction of food industry self-regulatory initiatives in 2009; and (iii) whether advertising differs according to signatory status to industry initiatives.
We systematically searched PubMed, Embase.com and JSTOR (media/marketing) databases; grey literature; and reference lists of relevant articles for studies published since 2009 that reported on food advertising on Australian television.
The title and abstract of 316 articles were screened, yielding 25 articles considered potentially eligible, of which eight met the pre-defined selection criteria. Meta-analysis was not possible because of temporal and methodological differences across studies. The advertising of non-core foods was found to be negligible during programmes with a C-(children's) classification but ranged from 1.5 to 6.5/h during children's peak viewing times. From 2006 to 2011, non-core food advertising decreased by 0.18 advertisements per hour every year, whereas fast food advertising increased by 0.09/h; however, these analyses are based on one study with only five time points. During children's viewing times, signatories to industry initiatives advertise non-core foods at higher rates than non-signatories.
Although it is not possible to determine whether advertising has changed since the industry initiatives were introduced, signatories to the initiatives continue to advertise non-core foods at times when many children watch television. Future efforts to reduce children's exposure to food advertising should be focused on advertising during children's peak viewing times rather than by programme classifications.
本研究旨在调查目前澳大利亚电视上非核心（不健康）食品广告的数量：（i）在儿童节目和儿童观看时段；（ii）自2009年食品行业自我监管举措实施以来；以及（iii）广告是否因行业举措签署方身份不同而有所差异。
我们系统检索了PubMed、Embase.com和JSTOR（媒体/营销）数据库；灰色文献；以及2009年以来发表的报道澳大利亚电视食品广告的相关文章的参考文献列表。
筛选了316篇文章的标题和摘要，产生了25篇被认为可能符合条件的文章，其中8篇符合预先定义的选择标准。由于各研究在时间和方法上存在差异，无法进行荟萃分析。发现C级（儿童）节目中非核心食品广告可忽略不计，但在儿童收视高峰时段为每小时1.5至6.5次。2006年至2011年，非核心食品广告每年每小时减少0.18次，而快餐广告每小时增加0.09次；然而，这些分析基于一项仅有五个时间点的研究。在儿童观看时段，行业举措签署方播放非核心食品广告的频率高于非签署方。
虽然无法确定自行业举措实施以来广告是否发生了变化，但举措签署方在许多儿童看电视的时段仍继续播放非核心食品广告。未来减少儿童接触食品广告的努力应集中在儿童收视高峰时段的广告，而非节目分类。
