Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain/ Internal Medicine Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2013 Nov-Dec;31(6 Suppl 79):S102-10. Epub 2013 Dec 2.
The prevalence of fibromyalgia (FM) is much lower in men than in women. Therefore, current knowledge about this chronic pain syndrome emerged mainly from research on women. The aim of the present study was to compare clinical symptoms and sleep parameters between male and female FM patients.
Forty FM patients (18 men and 22 women) aged 48.00±8.45 years were evaluated with questionnaires on pain, sleep, fatigue, depression, anxiety and functional impact, and polysomnography (PSG).
61% of male FM patients had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) greater than 15, compared to 31.8% of women, and a desaturation index (DI) above five, which was twice more prevalent in men than in women. In addition, males had poorer sleep quality (16.05±2.92% vs. 13.08±3.88%; p=0.01) and slow wave sleep (SWS) (stage 3 duration: 9.02±7.84% vs. 14.44±7.32%; p=0.03) than women. No differences were found between the two groups in the level of pain, emotional distress, or daily functioning. However, pain in men, fatigue in women, and functional impact in both sexes seemed to be related to worse sleep quality. Also in women, alterations in total sleep time (TST) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep features appeared to be related to emotional status.
Alterations in sleep respiratory patterns were more highly prevalent in male than in female FM patients. More so in male FM patients, the alterations in sleep patterns, non-refreshing sleep, and other FM-related symptoms observed in this population might be part of a primary sleep-disordered breathing.
纤维肌痛（FM）在男性中的患病率明显低于女性。因此，目前对于这种慢性疼痛综合征的认识主要来自于对女性的研究。本研究的目的是比较男性和女性 FM 患者的临床症状和睡眠参数。
对 40 名 FM 患者（18 名男性和 22 名女性）进行问卷调查，内容包括疼痛、睡眠、疲劳、抑郁、焦虑和功能影响，以及多导睡眠图（PSG）。
61%的男性 FM 患者的呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）大于 15，而女性为 31.8%，男性的低通气指数（DI）大于 5 的比例是女性的两倍。此外，男性的睡眠质量较差（16.05±2.92% vs. 13.08±3.88%；p=0.01），慢波睡眠（SWS）（3 期持续时间：9.02±7.84% vs. 14.44±7.32%；p=0.03）也少于女性。两组在疼痛程度、情绪困扰或日常功能方面无差异。然而，男性的疼痛、女性的疲劳以及两性的功能影响似乎都与较差的睡眠质量有关。在女性中，总睡眠时间（TST）和快速眼动（REM）睡眠特征的改变似乎与情绪状态有关。
与女性 FM 患者相比，男性 FM 患者睡眠呼吸模式的改变更为常见。在男性 FM 患者中，睡眠模式、睡眠质量差和其他与 FM 相关的症状的改变可能是原发性睡眠呼吸障碍的一部分。
