Clementini M, Rossetti P H O, Penarrocha D, Micarelli C, Bonachela W C, Canullo L
Department of Dentistry, University "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
Oral Biology Program, Implantodontics, Sagrado Coração University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Mar;43(3):323-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.11.012. Epub 2013 Dec 25.
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of patient-related systemic risk factors (systemic disease, genetic traits, chronic drug or alcohol consumption, and smoking status) on peri-implant bone loss at least 1 year after implant installation and prosthetic loading. An electronic search was performed of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to January 2012. One thousand seven hundred and sixty-three studies were identified. After applying a three-stage screening process, 17 articles were included in the qualitative analysis, but only 13 in the quantitative analysis, since smoking was a common exposure. The meta-analysis of these 13 studies (478 smokers and 1207 non-smokers) revealed a high level of heterogeneity and that smoking increases the annual rate of bone loss by 0.164 mm/year. Exposure to smoking had a harmful effect on peri-implant bone loss. However, the level of evidence for oral implant therapy in patients with systemic conditions is very low. Future studies should be improved in order to provide more robust data for clinical application.
本研究的目的是确定患者相关的全身风险因素（全身性疾病、遗传特征、长期药物或酒精摄入以及吸烟状况）对种植体植入和修复加载后至少1年的种植体周围骨丢失的影响。截至2012年1月，对MEDLINE、EMBASE和Cochrane对照试验中央注册库进行了电子检索。共识别出1763项研究。经过三阶段筛选过程后，17篇文章纳入定性分析，但定量分析中仅纳入13篇，因为吸烟是常见的暴露因素。对这13项研究（478名吸烟者和1207名非吸烟者）的荟萃分析显示存在高度异质性，且吸烟使骨丢失年率增加0.164毫米/年。吸烟暴露对种植体周围骨丢失有有害影响。然而，全身状况患者口腔种植治疗的证据水平非常低。未来的研究应加以改进，以便为临床应用提供更可靠的数据。
