Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Mar;70(3):429-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.10.022. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
Little is known about the prevalence and clinical characteristics of genital melanocytic nevi in children.
We sought to describe the epidemiology, clinical and dermoscopic features, and natural history of genital nevi in pediatric patients.
We reviewed charts of 1159 children given the diagnosis of melanocytic nevi over 11 years. Those with genital nevus as a chief symptom were contacted for follow-up.
Among children/adolescents evaluated for nevi, the prevalence of genital nevus was 3.5% (40/1159), with a male:female ratio of 1.3:1. There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, total nevus number, presence of acral and scalp nevi, or family history of dysplastic nevi and melanoma between patients with and without genital nevi. Genital nevus onset was before age 2 years in 63.6% of patients. A globular dermoscopic pattern was observed in 93.3%. Most genital nevi underwent a gradual change in diameter, elevation (becoming soft papules), color, texture, or a combination of these. After median follow-up of 1.5 years, no melanoma or other adverse outcome was observed.
This was a retrospective chart analysis and questionnaire-based study of a limited number of patients.
Increased awareness of the clinical characteristics, dermoscopic features, and evolution of genital nevi in children may help to avoid unnecessary surgery.
儿童生殖器黑色素痣的患病率和临床特征知之甚少。
我们旨在描述儿童患者生殖器痣的流行病学、临床和皮肤镜特征及自然病史。
我们回顾了 11 年来 1159 例被诊断为黑色素痣的儿童的病历。对有生殖器痣的患者进行了随访。
在评估痣的儿童/青少年中，生殖器痣的患病率为 3.5%（40/1159），男女比例为 1.3:1。生殖器痣患者与无生殖器痣患者在年龄、性别、总痣数、肢端和头皮痣存在情况、发育不良痣和黑色素瘤家族史方面无统计学差异。63.6%的患者生殖器痣在 2 岁前出现。93.3%的患者观察到球形皮肤镜模式。大多数生殖器痣的直径、隆起（变为软丘疹）、颜色、质地或这些特征的组合逐渐改变。中位随访 1.5 年后，未观察到黑色素瘤或其他不良结局。
这是一项回顾性图表分析和基于问卷调查的研究，纳入的患者数量有限。
提高对儿童生殖器痣的临床特征、皮肤镜特征和演变的认识，可能有助于避免不必要的手术。
