Muggia Franco, Kudlowitz David
NYU Cancer Institute, New York, New York, USA.
Anticancer Drugs. 2014 May;25(5):593-8. doi: 10.1097/CAD.0000000000000053.
Since their addition to paclitaxel in the oncologists' armamentarium in the early 1990s, several new taxane formulations have been developed. Besides docetaxel and nab-paclitaxel, new analogs with better therapeutic profiles are being investigated. The goals of this next generation of taxanes are to improve the toxicity profile and efficacy, and to overcome resistance patterns. Several new taxanes, including cabazitaxel, paclitaxel poliglumex, paclitaxel+endotag, and polymeric-micellar paclitaxel, have shown clinical efficacy. These chemotherapeutics are part of many ongoing phase II and III studies on various cancer types. In addition, there are immunotoxins that link key antibodies to mitotic spindle inhibitors (trastuzumab emtansine and brentuximab vedotin). Through this mechanism, novel formulations increase cytotoxicity, improve specificity, and create possibilities for drug enhancement.
自20世纪90年代初肿瘤学家将紫杉烷类药物纳入其治疗药物库以来，已开发出几种新的紫杉烷制剂。除多西他赛和纳米白蛋白结合型紫杉醇外，具有更好治疗特性的新类似物也在研究中。新一代紫杉烷类药物的目标是改善毒性特征和疗效，并克服耐药模式。几种新的紫杉烷类药物，包括卡巴他赛、聚谷氨酸紫杉醇、紫杉醇+内标记物以及聚合物胶束紫杉醇，已显示出临床疗效。这些化疗药物是许多正在进行的针对各种癌症类型的II期和III期研究的一部分。此外，还有将关键抗体与有丝分裂纺锤体抑制剂连接的免疫毒素（曲妥珠单抗 emtansine和本妥昔单抗）。通过这种机制，新型制剂增加了细胞毒性，提高了特异性，并为药物增强创造了可能性。
