Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15053, CEP: 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Neuromolecular Med. 2014 Jun;16(2):389-97. doi: 10.1007/s12017-013-8286-2. Epub 2013 Dec 28.
Polymorphisms in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster have been shown to be involved in tobacco smoking susceptibility. Considering that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) not only increases the risk but may also influence the molecular mechanisms of tobacco smoking, we analyzed the association between polymorphisms in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes and tobacco smoking among individuals with or without ADHD. The sample included 1,118 subjects divided into four groups according to smoking status and ADHD diagnosis. Our results demonstrate that the minor alleles of two polymorphisms (rs578776 and rs3743078) in the CHRNA3 gene are associated with an increased risk of tobacco smoking only among patients with ADHD. These alleles have been shown in previous studies to be protective factors for smoking in subjects without ADHD. These findings add to existing evidence that ADHD may exert an important modifying effect on the genetic risk of smoking and should be considered in tobacco smoking association studies.
CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 基因簇中的多态性已被证明与吸烟易感性有关。考虑到注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）不仅会增加风险，还可能影响吸烟的分子机制，我们分析了尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体基因的多态性与 ADHD 患者或非 ADHD 患者吸烟之间的关系。该样本包括 1118 名受试者，根据吸烟状况和 ADHD 诊断分为四组。我们的结果表明，CHRNA3 基因中的两个多态性（rs578776 和 rs3743078）的次要等位基因仅与 ADHD 患者的吸烟风险增加相关。这些等位基因在以前的研究中被证明是对无 ADHD 受试者吸烟的保护因素。这些发现增加了现有的证据，即 ADHD 可能对吸烟的遗传风险产生重要的修饰作用，在吸烟关联研究中应予以考虑。
